A new set of projection operators for three-dimensional models are constructed. Using these operators, an uncomplicated and easily handling algorithm for analysing the unitarity of the aforementioned systems is built up. Interestingly enough, this me
thod converts the task of probing the unitarity of a given 3D system, that is in general a time-consuming work, into a straightforward algebraic exercise; besides, it also greatly clarifies the physical interpretation of the propagating modes. In order to test the efficacy and quickness of the algorithm at hand, the unitarity of some important and timely higher-order electromagnetic (gravitational) systems augmented by both Chern-Simons and higher order Chern-Simons terms are investigated.
The combined effects of the Lorentz-symmetry violating Chern-Simons and Ricci-Cotton actions are investigated for the Einstein-Hilbert gravity in the second order formalism modified by higher derivative terms, and their consequences on the spectrum o
f excitations are analyzed. We follow the lines of previous works and build up an orthonormal basis of operators that splits the fundamental fields according to their individual degrees of freedom. With this new basis, the attainment of the propagators is remarkably simplified and the identification of the physical and unphysical modes gets a new insight. Our conclusion is that the only tachyon- and ghost-free model is the Einstein-Hilbert action added up by the Chern-Simons term with a time-like vector of the type $v^{mu} = (mu,vec{0})$. Spectral consistency imposes taht the Ricci-Cotton term must be switched off. We then infer that gravity with Lorentz-symmetry violation imposes a drastically different constraint on the background if compared to usual gauge theories whenever conditions for suppression of tachyons and ghosts are required.
We investigate the effects of (Curvature)$^{2}$- and (Torsion)$^{2}$- terms in the Einstein-Hilbert-Chern-Simons Lagrangian. The purposes are two-fold: (i) to show the efficacy of an orthogonal basis of degree-of-freedom projection operators recently
proposed and to ascertain its adequacy for obtaining propagators of general parity-breaking gravity models in three dimensions; (ii) to analyze the role of the topological Chern-Simons term for the unitarity and the particle spectrum of the model squared-curvature terms in connection with dynamical torsion. Our conclusion is that the Chern-Simons term does not influence the unitarity conditions imposed on the parameters of the Lagrangian, but significantly modifies the particle spectrum.
We propose a new basis of spin-operators, specific for the case of planar theories, which allows a Lagrangian decomposition into spin-parity components. The procedure enables us to discuss unitarity and spectral properties of gravity models with parity-breaking in a systematic way.
