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The generalized Davey-Stewartson equations, its Kac-Moody-Virasoro symmetry algebra and relation to DS equations

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 Added by Faruk Gungor
 Publication date 2006
  fields Physics
and research's language is English




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We compute the Lie symmetry algebra of the generalized Davey-Stewartson (GDS) equations and show that under certain conditions imposed on parameters in the system it is infinite-dimensional and isomorphic to that of the standard integrable Davey-Stewartson equations which is known to have a very specific Kac-Moody-Virasoro loop algebra structure. We discuss how the Virasoro part of this symmetry algebra can be used to construct new solutions, which are of vital importance in demonstrating existence of blow-up profiles, from known ones using Lie subgroup of transformations generated by three-dimensional subalgebras, namely $Sl(2,mathbb{R})$. We further discuss integrability aspects of GDS equations.



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We have derived the hierarchy of soliton equations associated with the untwisted affine Kac-Moody algebra D^(1)_4 by calculating the corresponding recursion operators. The Hamiltonian formulation of the equations from the hierarchy is also considered. As an example we have explicitly presented the first non-trivial member of the hierarchy, which is an one-parameter family of mKdV equations. We have also considered the spectral properties of the Lax operator and introduced a minimal set of scattering data.
We have derived a new system of mKdV-type equations which can be related to the affine Lie algebra $A_{5}^{(2)}$. This system of partial differential equations is integrable via the inverse scattering method. It admits a Hamiltonian formulation and the corresponding Hamiltonian is also given. The Riemann-Hilbert problem for the Lax operator is formulated and its spectral properties are discussed.
In this paper, the partially party-time ($PT$) symmetric nonlocal Davey-Stewartson (DS) equations with respect to $x$ is called $x$-nonlocal DS equations, while a fully $PT$ symmetric nonlocal DSII equation is called nonlocal DSII equation. Three kinds of solutions, namely breather, rational and semi-rational solutions for these nonlocal DS equations are derived by employing the bilinear method. For the $x$-nonlocal DS equations, the usual ($2+1$)-dimensional breathers are periodic in $x$ direction and localized in $y$ direction. Nonsingular rational solutions are lumps, and semi-rational solutions are composed of lumps, breathers and periodic line waves. For the nonlocal DSII equation, line breathers are periodic in both $x$ and $y$ directions with parallels in profile, but localized in time. Nonsingular rational solutions are ($2+1$)-dimensional line rogue waves, which arise from a constant background and disappear into the same constant background, and this process only lasts for a short period of time. Semi-rational solutions describe interactions of line rogue waves and periodic line waves.
In this paper we study Lie symmetries, Kac-Moody-Virasoro algebras, similarity reductions and particular solutions of two different recently introduced (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equations, namely (i) (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation and (ii) (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger type equation introduced by Zakharov and studied later by Strachan. Interestingly our studies show that not all integrable higher dimensional systems admit Kac-Moody-Virasoro type sub-algebras. Particularly the two integrable systems mentioned above do not admit Virasoro type subalgebras, eventhough the other integrable higher dimensional systems do admit such algebras which we have also reviewed in the Appendix. Further, we bring out physically interesting solutions for special choices of the symmetry parameters in both the systems.
General dark solitons and mixed solutions consisting of dark solitons and breathers for the third-type Davey-Stewartson (DS-III) equation are derived by employing the bilinear method. By introducing the two differential operators, semi-rational solutions consisting of rogue waves, breathers and solitons are generated. These semi-rational solutions are given in terms of determinants whose matrix elements have simple algebraic expressions. Under suitable parametric conditions, we derive general rogue wave solutions expressed in terms of rational functions. It is shown that the fundamental (simplest) rogue waves are line rogue waves. It is also shown that the multi-rogue waves describe interactions of several fundamental rogue waves, which would generate interesting curvy wave patterns. The higher order rogue waves originate from a localized lump and retreat back to it. Several types of hybrid solutions composed of rogue waves, breathers and solitons have also been illustrated. Specifically, these semi-rational solutions have a new phenomenon: lumps form on dark solitons and gradual separation from the dark solitons is observed.
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