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Register a new userStudy of the flux tube thickness in 3d LGTs by means of 2d spin models
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We study the flux tube thickness in the confining phase of the (2+1)d SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory near the deconfining phase transition. Following the Svetitsky-Yaffe conjecture, we map the problem to the study of the <epsilon sigma sigma> correlation function in the two-dimensional spin model with Z_2 global symmetry, (i.e. the 2d Ising model) in the high-temperature phase. Using the form factor approach we obtain an explicit expression for this function and from it we infer the behaviour of the flux density of the original (2+1)d LGT. Remarkably enough the result we obtain for the flux tube thickness agrees (a part from an overall normalization) with the effective string prediction for the same quantity.
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We propose three different lattice operators to measure the intrinsic width xi_I of the chromoelectric flux tube in pure lattice gauge theories. In order to test these proposals we evaluate them for SU(2) and Ising LGTs in (2+1) dimensions in the vicinity of the deconfinement transition. Using dimensional reduction, we could perform the calculation in the effective 2d spin model using standard S-matrix techniques. We consistently found the same result for the three lattice operators. This result can be expressed in terms of the finite temperature string tension as follows xi_I=frac{T}{2sigma(T)} and implies that the intrinsic width of the flux tube diverges as the deconfinement transition is approached.
We bootstrap the S-matrix of massless particles in unitary, relativistic two dimensional quantum field theories. We find that the low energy expansion of such S-matrices is strongly constrained by the existence of a UV completion. In the context of flux tube physics, this allows us to constrain several terms in the S-matrix low energy expansion or -- equivalently -- on Wilson coefficients of several irrelevant operators showing up in the flux tube effective action. These bounds have direct implications for other physical quantities; for instance, they allow us to further bound the ground state energy as well as the level splitting of degenerate energy levels of large flux tubes. We find that the S-matrices living at the boundary of the allowed space exhibit an intricate pattern of resonances with one sharper resonance whose quantum numbers, mass and width are precisely those of the world-sheet axion proposed in [1,2]. The general method proposed here should be extendable to massless S-matrices in higher dimensions and should lead to new quantitative bounds on irrelevant operators in theories of Goldstones and also in gauge and gravity theories.
We study the stress-tensor distribution around the flux tube in static quark and anti-quark systems based on the momentum conservation and the Abelian-Higgs (AH) model. We first investigate constraints on the stress-tensor distribution from the momentum conservation and show that the effect of boundaries plays a crucial role to describe the structure of the flux tube in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory which has measured recently on the lattice. We then study the distributions of the stress tensor and energy density around the magnetic vortex with and without boundaries in the AH model, and compare them with the distributions in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory based on the dual superconductor picture. It is shown that a wide parameter range of the AH model is excluded by a comparison with the lattice results in terms of the stress tensor.
We perform a high precision measurement of the spectrum of the QCD flux tube in three-dimensional $SU(2)$ gauge theory at multiple lattice spacings. We compare the results at large $qbar{q}$ separations $R$ to the spectrum predicted by the effective string theory, including the leading order boundary term with a non-universal coefficient. We find qualitative agreement with the predictions from the leading order Nambu-Goto string theory down to small values of $R$, while, at the same time, observing the predicted splitting of the second excited state due to the boundary term. On fine lattices and at large $R$ we observe slight deviations from the EST predictions for the first excited state.
The scalar potential, time component vector potential and flux tube quark confinements are studied in this paper. We find that the predictions of scalar confinement and time component vector confinement are in considerable conflict with measured values while the flux-tube confinement works well to explain the experimental data. We also study the relativistic flux tube model. From the comparison of the exact numerical solution with the analytic approximation solution for heavy-light mesons, we find that the solutions are much more in agreement with each other for higher excited states since the deep radial limit is better satisfied.
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