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Register a new userExact solutions and bounds for network SIR and SEIR models using a rooted-tree approximation
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In this paper, we develop a node-based approximate model for Markovian contagion dynamics on networks. We prove that our approximate model is exact for SIR (susceptible-infectious-recovered) and SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) dynamics on tree graphs with a single source of infection and that the model otherwise gives upper bounds on the probabilities of each node being susceptible. Our analysis of SEIR contagion dynamics is generalised to SEIR models with arbitrarily many distinct classes of exposed state. In the case of trees with a single source of infection, our approach yields a system of partially-decoupled linear differential equations that exactly describes the evolution of node-state probabilities. We use this to state explicit closed-form solutions for SIR dynamics on a chain.
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This paper is concerned with the conditions of existence and nonexistence of traveling wave solutions (TWS) for a class of discrete diffusive epidemic models. We find that the existence of TWS is determined by the so-called basic reproduction number and the critical wave speed: When the basic reproduction number R0 greater than 1, there exists a critical wave speed c* > 0, such that for each c >= c * the system admits a nontrivial TWS and for c < c* there exists no nontrivial TWS for the system. In addition, the boundary asymptotic behaviour of TWS is obtained by constructing a suitable Lyapunov functional and employing Lebesgue dominated convergence theorem. Finally, we apply our results to two discrete diffusive epidemic models to verify the existence and nonexistence of TWS.
In this work, we investigate the system of three species ecological model involving one predator-prey subsystem coupling with a generalist predator with negative effect on the prey. Without diffusive terms, all global dynamics of its corresponding reaction equations are proved analytically for all classified parameters. With diffusive terms, the transitions of different spatial homogeneous solutions, the traveling wave solutions, are showed by higher dimensional shooting method, the Wazewski method. Some interesting numerical simulations are performed, and biological implications are given.
A rotated odometer is an infinite interval exchange transformation (IET) obtained as a composition of the von Neumann-Kakutani map and a finite IET of intervals of equal length. In this paper, we consider rotated odometers for which the finite IET is of intervals of length $2^{-N}$, for some $N geq 1$. We show that every such system is measurably isomorphic to a $mathbb{Z}$-action on a rooted tree, and that the unique minimal aperiodic subsystem of this action is always measurably isomorphic to the action of the adding machine. We discuss the applications of this work to the study of group actions on binary trees.
Dark count rate and correlated noise rate are among the main parameters that characterize silicon photomultipliers (SiPM). Typically, these parameters are evaluated by applying approximate formulas, or by fitting specific models, to the measured SiPM noise spectra. Here a novel approach is presented, where exact formulas are derived from a statistical model of dark counts and correlated noise generation. The method allows one to measure the true value of such parameters from the areas of just the first peaks in the dark spectrum. A numerical analysis shows the accuracy of the method.
We investigated several global behaviors of the weak KAM solutions $u_c(x,t)$ parametrized by $cin H^1(mathbb T,mathbb R)$. For the suspended Hamiltonian $H(x,p,t)$ of the exact symplectic twist map, we could find a family of weak KAM solutions $u_c(x,t)$ parametrized by $c(sigma)in H^1(mathbb T,mathbb R)$ with $c(sigma)$ continuous and monotonic and [ partial_tu_c+H(x,partial_x u_c+c,t)=alpha(c),quad text{a.e. } (x,t)inmathbb T^2, ] such that sequence of weak KAM solutions ${u_c}_{cin H^1(mathbb T,mathbb R)}$ is $1/2-$Holder continuity of parameter $sigmain mathbb{R}$. Moreover, for each generalized characteristic (no matter regular or singular) solving [ left{ begin{aligned} &dot{x}(s)in text{co} Big[partial_pHBig(x(s),c+D^+u_cbig(x(s),s+tbig),s+tBig)Big], & &x(0)=x_0,quad (x_0,t)inmathbb T^2,& end{aligned} right. ] we evaluate it by a uniquely identified rotational number $omega(c)in H_1(mathbb T,mathbb R)$. This property leads to a certain topological obstruction in the phase space and causes local transitive phenomenon of trajectories. Besides, we discussed this applies to high-dimensional cases.
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