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We address the optimization of the sum rate performance in multicell interference-limited singlehop networks where access points are allowed to cooperate in terms of joint resource allocation. The resource allocation policies considered here combine power control and user scheduling. Although very promising from a conceptual point of view, the optimization of the sum of per-link rates hinges, in principle, on tough issues such as computational complexity and the requirement for heavy receiver-to-transmitter channel information feedback across all network cells. In this paper, we show that, in fact, distributed algorithms are actually obtainable in the asymptotic regime where the numbers of users per cell is allowed to grow large. Additionally, using extreme value theory, we provide scaling laws for upper and lower bounds for the network capacity (sum of single user rates over all cells), corresponding to zero-interference and worst-case interference scenarios. We show that the scaling is either dominated by path loss statistics or by small-scale fading, depending on the regime and user location scenario. We show that upper and lower rate bounds behave in fact identically, asymptotically. This remarkable result suggests not only that distributed resource allocation is practically possible but also that the impact of multicell interference on the capacity (in terms of scaling) actually vanishes asymptotically.
This paper analyzes the impact and benefits of infrastructure support in improving the throughput scaling in networks of $n$ randomly located wireless nodes. The infrastructure uses multi-antenna base stations (BSs), in which the number of BSs and the number of antennas at each BS can scale at arbitrary rates relative to $n$. Under the model, capacity scaling laws are analyzed for both dense and extended networks. Two BS-based routing schemes are first introduced in this study: an infrastructure-supported single-hop (ISH) routing protocol with multiple-access uplink and broadcast downlink and an infrastructure-supported multi-hop (IMH) routing protocol. Then, their achievable throughput scalings are analyzed. These schemes are compared against two conventional schemes without BSs: the multi-hop (MH) transmission and hierarchical cooperation (HC) schemes. It is shown that a linear throughput scaling is achieved in dense networks, as in the case without help of BSs. In contrast, the proposed BS-based routing schemes can, under realistic network conditions, improve the throughput scaling significantly in extended networks. The gain comes from the following advantages of these BS-based protocols. First, more nodes can transmit simultaneously in the proposed scheme than in the MH scheme if the number of BSs and the number of antennas are large enough. Second, by improving the long-distance signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the received signal power can be larger than that of the HC, enabling a better throughput scaling under extended networks. Furthermore, by deriving the corresponding information-theoretic cut-set upper bounds, it is shown under extended networks that a combination of four schemes IMH, ISH, MH, and HC is order-optimal in all operating regimes.
We consider a new approach to power control in decentralized wireless networks, termed fractional power control (FPC). Transmission power is chosen as the current channel quality raised to an exponent -s, where s is a constant between 0 and 1. The choices s = 1 and s = 0 correspond to the familiar cases of channel inversion and constant power transmission, respectively. Choosing s in (0,1) allows all intermediate policies between these two extremes to be evaluated, and we see that usually neither extreme is ideal. We derive closed-form approximations for the outage probability relative to a target SINR in a decentralized (ad hoc or unlicensed) network as well as for the resulting transmission capacity, which is the number of users/m^2 that can achieve this SINR on average. Using these approximations, which are quite accurate over typical system parameter values, we prove that using an exponent of 1/2 minimizes the outage probability, meaning that the inverse square root of the channel strength is a sensible transmit power scaling for networks with a relatively low density of interferers. We also show numerically that this choice of s is robust to a wide range of variations in the network parameters. Intuitively, s=1/2 balances between helping disadvantaged users while making sure they do not flood the network with interference.
A wireless packet network is considered in which each user transmits a stream of packets to its destination. The transmit power of each user interferes with the transmission of all other users. A convex cost function of the completion times of the user packets is minimized by optimally allocating the users transmission power subject to their respective power constraints. At all ranges of SINR, completion time minimization can be formulated as a convex optimization problem and hence can be efficiently solved. In particular, although the feasible rate region of the wireless network is non-convex, its corresponding completion time region is shown to be convex. When channel knowledge is imperfect, robust power control is considered based on the channel fading distribution subject to outage probability constraints. The problem is shown to be convex when the fading distribution is log-concave in exponentiated channel power gains; e.g., when each user is under independent Rayleigh, Nakagami, or log-normal fading. Applying the optimization frameworks in a wireless cellular network, the average completion time is significantly reduced as compared to full power transmission.
We consider a cognitive network consisting of n random pairs of cognitive transmitters and receivers communicating simultaneously in the presence of multiple primary users. Of interest is how the maximum throughput achieved by the cognitive users scales with n. Furthermore, how far these users must be from a primary user to guarantee a given primary outage. Two scenarios are considered for the network scaling law: (i) when each cognitive transmitter uses constant power to communicate with a cognitive receiver at a bounded distance away, and (ii) when each cognitive transmitter scales its power according to the distance to a considered primary user, allowing the cognitive transmitter-receiver distances to grow. Using single-hop transmission, suitable for cognitive devices of opportunistic nature, we show that, in both scenarios, with path loss larger than 2, the cognitive network throughput scales linearly with the number of cognitive users. We then explore the radius of a primary exclusive region void of cognitive transmitters. We obtain bounds on this radius for a given primary outage constraint. These bounds can help in the design of a primary network with exclusive regions, outside of which cognitive users may transmit freely. Our results show that opportunistic secondary spectrum access using single-hop transmission is promising.
This paper investigates the application of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in millimeter wave (mmWave) communications by exploiting beamforming, user scheduling and power allocation. Random beamforming is invoked for reducing the feedback overhead of considered systems. A nonconvex optimization problem for maximizing the sum rate is formulated, which is proved to be NP-hard. The branch and bound (BB) approach is invoked to obtain the optimal power allocation policy, which is proved to converge to a global optimal solution. To elaborate further, low complexity suboptimal approach is developed for striking a good computational complexity-optimality tradeoff, where matching theory and successive convex approximation (SCA) techniques are invoked for tackling the user scheduling and power allocation problems, respectively. Simulation results reveal that: i) the proposed low complexity solution achieves a near-optimal performance; and ii) the proposed mmWave NOMA systems is capable of outperforming conventional mmWave orthogonal multiple access (OMA) systems in terms of sum rate and the number of served users.