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Register a new userstudy the cycle of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) in the marine water of the Banias city
دراسة دورة غاز ثنائي أكسيد الكربون (CO2) في المياه البحرية المقابلة لمدينة بانياس
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نستعرض من خلال هذا البحث التغيرات الفصلية لنظام CO2 و تغيرات قيم ال pH في المياه البحرية السطحية المقابلة لمدينة بانياس خلال الفترة الممتدة في فصلي ربيع 2015 و شتاء 2016 ، هذا بالإضافة إلى تحديد أثر العوامل الهيدرولوجية (درجة الحرارة و ملوحة) على ذلك.
In this paper, the seasonal variations of CO2 system and pH values in surface seawater of Banias city are shown during the period in spring 2015 and winter 2016, in addition to determine the impact of hydrological factors.
References used
IPCC, 2001. Climate Change. The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, pp. 881
Marland G., and Rotty R. M., 1984. Carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels: a procedure for estimation and results for 1950-1982. Institute for Energy Analysis, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA, Tellus, 36B, pp. 232-261
Takahashi T., Chipman D., and Volk T., 1983. Geographical, seasonal, and secular variations of the partial pressure of CO2 in surface waters of the North Atlantic Ocean: The results of the North Atlantic TTO Program. In Proceedings: Carbon Dioxide Research Conference: Carbon dioxide, science and consensus. US Department of Energy. pp. 123-146
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This research focuses on identifying spatial and temporal variationsof the carbon
dioxide system in the surface seawater of Tartouscityduring the period betweenspring and
summer 2015.In Addition to the extent influenced by some hydrological propert
ies of
water (temperature and salinity) and the impact all of this on the pH of marine water
values.
The results showed low partial pressure of the carbon dioxide in seawaters (PCO2
sea)
in the summercompared with spring, which is reflected on the air-sea flux values (FCO2),
where CO2 released from surface seawater to the air in summer and incontradiction of that
in the spring (0.0632mmol /m²/ day and -0.0715 mmol /m²/day, respectively). In spring,
low temperature and salinity of the water (22.707-22.727C and 37.605-37.765‰
respectively), in addition to increased biological activity contributed in increasing the
absorption of CO2 from the water.These leading to a decrease PCO2
sea (409.0- 429.5μatm)
associated with low concentrations of all of the total inorganic carbon (2229.5-
2242.5μmol/kg) and total alkalinity (2588.873-2590.9μmol/kg). and as a result the surface
sea waters become a reservoir of dioxide carbon atmospheric.
In the summer, the rise in temperature and salinity of surface seawater (28.85-
29.60Cand38.15-38.60‰, respectively) and reduced biological activity all contributed to
the decrease dissolved CO2 values and increase of PCO2
sea(437.5 - 453.5μatm)
associated with increasing concentrations of each of the total inorganic carbon
(2267.9 - 2296.0μmol/kg) and total alkalinity (2739.6 -2741.2μmol/kg).In this way the
surface sea water is source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
The aim of research is to calculate the emissions of carbon
dioxide (CO2) generated by the cement industry (Tartous Cement
Company as a case study), depending on the standards and
principles set by the World Resources Institute protocol (WRI) and
the World Business Council for Sustainable Development Protocol
(WBCSD 2011), in addition to standards and guidelines developed
by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2007).
Half quarterly water samples were collected during the period between March 2015
and February 2016 of four different stations from Banias city water that is subject to the
effect of sewage and estuaries. The concentrations of nutrients (H3SiO4
-,
PO4
-3, NO3
-, NO2
-
, NH4
+ ) and the concentrations of chlorophyll a were determined to find out how affected
by the temporal and spatial variability. The highest concentrations of phosphate and
ammonia ions were observed at station St3 (close to the sewage), while the highest
concentrations of nitrate ions were registered at the stations St1 and St2 (estuaries). The
results showed high values of chlorophyll a in April (due to spring bloom of
phytoplankton) and October (autumn bloom). The ions ratio ΣN/P revealed that
phosphorus ions are limiting factor of the phytoplankton growth at St1 and St2, and that
nitrogen ions are limiting factor of growth at the stations St3 and St4. The ratio Si/ΣN
revealed that silicate ions are limiting factor of the growth of diatoms in all the stations.
This research was carried out during the period 08/28/2012 - 07/29/2013 in order to
determine the qualitative composition of Puffer Fishes (Tetraodontidae) in the marine
water of Latakia.
Fish samples were collected from three stations (Borj Islam
, Al madina al riyadiah
and Jableh), the total of fishes were / 255 / individuals. All fish individuals were classified,
preserved and placed at the High Institute of Marine Research Laboratory, some biological
factors of the collected fish (K%, GSI%,HIS%) were studied.
Results had revealed the presence of five species of Puffer Fish belong to three
genera of Tetraodontidae: Lagocephalus sceleratus, L. spadiceus, L. suezensis,
Sphoeroides pachygaster, Torquigener flavimaculosus. S. pachygaster species (migratory
species from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea) has been recorded for the first
time in the marine water of Syria. Results showed that L. suezensis were more coincidence
species in the catch. The amounts caught of Puffer Fishes varied according to the stations;
the highest was in Borj Islam. K% was almost similar in all species, while GSI% and
HSI% varied according to the species and seasons.
This paper Introduces a clear idea about marine and coastal
biodiversity of crustacean zooplankton and its quantitative and
qualitative monthly variations and its relationship with the changes
of some of the main environmental factors such as temperature,
salinity,dissolved oxygen, transparency and pH.
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