تم اقتراح الشبكات التطبيقية متعددة البث كحل فعال لتجاوز مشكلة انتشار نموذج اتصال البث المجموعاتي. تبني هذه الشبكة شجرة تغطية مؤلفة من اتصالات نهاية إلى نهاية أحادية البث اعتماداً على تعاون أعضاء المجموعة مع بعضهم البعض. و تعتمد فعالية الشجرة المبنية بشكل أساسي على صدق و تعاون كل الأعضاء المشكلين لها، لكن من الصعب ضمان مثل هذا السلوك عموماً، حيث يمكن أن تستفيد بعض العقد الأنانية و غير المتعاونة من إخلاص العقد الأخرى ضمن الشجرة.
حديثاً، درس العديد من الباحثين تأثير العقد الأنانية في الشبكات التطبيقية متعددة البث. تم في هذا البحث وصف تفصيلي للخوارزميات الأساسية المستخدمة في بناء شجرة التغطية، و تقييم تأثير العقد الغشاشة على استقرار و أداء شجرة التغطية المبنية باستخدام هذه الخوارزميات.
Application-Level Multicast (ALM) has been proposed as an alternative solution to
overcome the lack of deployment of the IP Multicast group communication model. It
builds an overlay tree consisting of end-to-end unicast connections between end-hosts
based on the collaboration of group members with each other. The efficiency of the
constructed overlay tree depends entirely on the honesty and on the cooperation of all
participating members. However such behaviour can not be guaranteed and some selfish
and non-cooperative nodes may take profit from the honesty of other members in the
overlay.
Recently, many researchers have been investigating the impact of selfishness of
nodes in the overlay multicast. Our contribution in this paper is to describe in detail the
basic algorithms used to construct the overlay tree, and evaluate the impact of cheating
nodes on the stability and on the performance of constructed overlay tree using these
algorithms.
References used
(Ayman El-Sayed. “Application-Level Multicast Transmission Techniques Over The Internet”. PhD thesis, INRIA Rhne Alpes, March (2004
(C. Diot, B.N. Levine, B. Lyles, H. Kassem, and D. Balensiefen. “Deployment issues for the IP multicast service and architecture”. IEEE Network, 14:78-88, February (2000
Zhiye Huang, Jinxiang Peng and Jian Zhang, “The application level Multicast Technique Algorithms Oriented to P2P video”, Applied Mechanics and Material, vol.8, no. 303-306, pp: 2260-2264, January 2013
Recent researches consecrate their efforts to overcome multicast network problems by moving all the multicast functions and responsibilities from network layer (routers) to application layer ( terminal nodes (Users)).
Most of Application-Level Multi
Overlay multicast (Application-Level Multicast (ALM)) constructs a multicast delivery tree among end hosts. Unlike traditional IP multicast where the internal tree nodes are dedicated routers which are relatively stable and do not leave the multicast
Application-Level Multicast Networks are easy to deployment, it does not require
any change in the network layer, where data is sent to the network via the built-up
coverage of the tree using a single-contact transmission of the final contract, who
Computer networks have evolved considerably in the past few years of big increases
in mutual amounts of data across the network hand because of the increasing number of
interconnected devices, which can exchange data as part of the network and this
Due to the large increase in the use of data communication and information exchange
services of different types in different environments, the standard and the programming
had to be a language of characterization is ideal for scalability and develo