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Endoscopic Trans-nasal Management Of CSF Rhinorrhea

تدبير سيلان السائل الدماغي الشوكي عبر الأنف بالتنظير

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 Publication date 2014
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Background& Objective: Management of CSF rhinorrhea by an effective and less traumatic endoscopic tans-nasal approach in comparison with traditional open craniotomy one. Objective: To study cases of CSF rhinorrhea and to evaluate the results of Endoscopic trans-nasal repair and failure rates. Materials & Methods: Retrospective study of 34 cases (first main group) of meningeal nasal fistula admitted to Al Moassate university hospital between 5.2004 - 5.2009 in addition to three cases in which the fistula had occurred during an endoscopic sinus surgery (second secondary group). Results: In the first group the main presenting complain was persistent or intermittent clear watery rhinorrhea in 30 patients (88.23%), history of repeated Meningitis in 4 patients (11.76%) and rhinorrhea and one episode of meningitis in one patients (2.94%).A history of head trauma was detected in 20 patients (58.82%), nasal surgery in 4 patients (11.76%), where no history of head trauma or nasal surgery was found in 10 patients (29.41%). The fistula situated in the roof of the ethmoid sinus in 28 patients (79.41%), roof or lateral wall of sphenoid sinus in 4 patients(11.76%), and in the roof of both ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses in tow patients(5.88%). The fistula was closed by endoscopic trans-nasal approach with fascia latta in 31 patients (83.78%), fascia of rectus abdominalis in one patient and with the mucoperostium of contra-lateral inferior turbinate in 5 patients (13.51%). Follow-up was for 12-43 months. Recurrence has occurred in 10 patients (27.02%) in a form of recurrence of watery rhinorrhea or recurrence of meningitis or both of them. Second endoscopic trans-nasal intervention had done in 8 of them, second recurrence occurred in 3 patients. Thus the overall success rate was (91.42%). Conclusion: Endoscopic trans-nasal approach is an effective way to repair the meningeal nasal fistulas with low morbidity and mortality rate in comparison with the traditional open neurosurgery approach.


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Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة تدبير حالات سيلان السائل الدماغي الشوكي من الأنف باستخدام التنظير عبر الأنف كبديل للجراحة التقليدية عبر خزع القحف الخارجي. هدفت الدراسة إلى تقييم فعالية هذه الطريقة ومعدلات النكس. تم إجراء دراسة راجعة لملفات المرضى الذين تم قبولهم في مستشفى المواساة الجامعي بين عامي 2004 و2009، حيث تم تشخيص 34 حالة ناسور سحائي أنفي وأجري لهم إغلاق عبر الأنف بمساعدة المناظير. أظهرت النتائج أن العرض الرئيسي كان سيلان رائق من الأنف عند 88.23% من المرضى، مع تاريخ من التهاب السحايا عند بعضهم. تم استخدام صفاق العضلة الفخذية في معظم الحالات لإغلاق الناسور. تمت متابعة المرضى لمدة تتراوح بين 12 و43 شهراً، وحدث النكس عند 27.02% من المرضى. تم إعادة التدخل الجراحي عند بعض الحالات، وبلغت نسبة النجاح الكلية 91.42%. خلصت الدراسة إلى أن التداخل عبر الأنف بمساعدة المنظار هو طريقة فعالة في تدبير سيلان السائل الدماغي الشوكي من الأنف مع نسب إمراضية ووفيات قليلة جداً مقارنة بالطريق الجراحي العصبي المفتوح.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تتناول هذه الدراسة موضوعاً مهماً في مجال جراحة الأنف والأذن والحنجرة، وقدمت نتائج مشجعة حول فعالية استخدام التنظير عبر الأنف في تدبير حالات سيلان السائل الدماغي الشوكي. ومع ذلك، هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن النظر فيها لتحسين الدراسة. أولاً، الدراسة تعتمد على بيانات راجعة، مما قد يؤثر على دقة النتائج. ثانياً، لم يتم توضيح المعايير الدقيقة لاختيار المرضى، مما قد يؤدي إلى تحيز في النتائج. ثالثاً، لم يتم مناقشة تكاليف العلاج بالتفصيل، وهو جانب مهم للنظر فيه عند مقارنة الطرق العلاجية. رابعاً، الدراسة لم تذكر بشكل كافٍ المضاعفات المحتملة للتنظير عبر الأنف مقارنة بالجراحة التقليدية. على الرغم من هذه النقاط، فإن الدراسة تقدم إضافة قيمة للمجال وتفتح الباب لمزيد من الأبحاث المستقبلية.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة؟

    الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة هو تقييم فعالية استخدام التنظير عبر الأنف في تدبير حالات سيلان السائل الدماغي الشوكي من الأنف مقارنة بالجراحة التقليدية عبر خزع القحف الخارجي.

  2. ما هي نسبة النجاح الكلية لإغلاق الناسور باستخدام التنظير عبر الأنف؟

    نسبة النجاح الكلية لإغلاق الناسور باستخدام التنظير عبر الأنف بلغت 91.42%.

  3. ما هي الأسباب الرئيسية لسيلان السائل الدماغي الشوكي من الأنف وفقاً للدراسة؟

    الأسباب الرئيسية لسيلان السائل الدماغي الشوكي من الأنف هي الرضوض (غير الجراحية والجراحية) بنسبة نحو 80%، والسيلان الذاتي بنسبة نحو 12%، ومتلازمة السرج التركي الفارغ بنسبة نحو 6%، والقيلات السحائية بنسبة نحو 3%.

  4. ما هي المضاعفات المحتملة التي لم تذكرها الدراسة بشكل كافٍ؟

    المضاعفات المحتملة التي لم تذكرها الدراسة بشكل كافٍ تشمل المضاعفات المتعلقة بالتنظير عبر الأنف مثل النزيف، العدوى، وتلف الأنسجة المحيطة.


References used
Brodie H. Prophylactic Antibiotics for Post traumatic Cerebrospinal Fluid Fistulae: A Meta-analysis. Archives of Oto. 1997 July, 123(7):749-752
Charles W. Cummings, John M. Fredrickson et al. Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks Otolaryngology—Head Neck Surgery, 2005 Mar ,2( 63): 558-563
Gacek RR, Gacek MR, et al. Adult spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea: diagnosis and management. Am J Otol. 1999 Nov;20(6):770-6
Kevin C Welch, James Stankiewicz et al. CSF Rhinorrhea Updated: e Medicine Specialties- Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery - Nasal & Sinus Diseases . 2009 Sep 28(3):115-119
James D.Ramsden,Rogan Corbridge et al. Bilateral cerebrospinal fuid rhinorrhoea .The Journa lof Laryngology and Otology . 2000 Feb, 114(1): 137–138
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