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Register a new userMeta-Reinforcement Learning for Mastering Multiple Skills and Generalizing across Environments in Text-based Games
التعلم التعزيز التعويضي لإتقان مهارات متعددة وتعميم عبر البيئات في الألعاب القائمة على النصوص
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يمكن استخدام الألعاب القائمة على النصوص لتطوير وكلاء نص موجه نحو المهام لإنجاز المهام ذات التعليمات اللغوية رفيعة المستوى، والتي لها تطبيقات محتملة في المجالات مثل تفاعل الإنسان الروبوت. بالنظر إلى تعليمات نصية، يستخدم تعلم التعزيز عادة لتدريب الوكلاء لإكمال المهمة المقصودة بسبب راحتها في سياسات التعلم تلقائيا. ومع ذلك، بسبب مساحة كبيرة من الإجراءات النصية للكبار، تعلم شبكة السياسة التي تنشئ كلمة عمل من Word مع تعلم التعزيز أمر صعب. تظهر أعمال البحث الحديثة أن التعلم التقليد يوفر طريقة فعالة لتدريب شبكة السياسة القائمة على الجيل. ومع ذلك، فإن الوكلاء المدربين مع التعلم المقلم يصعب إتقان مجموعة واسعة من أنواع المهام أو المهارات، ومن الصعب عليهم التعميم أيضا مع البيئات الجديدة. في هذه الورقة، نقترح طريقة تعزز التعزيز التيلة لتدريب وكلاء النص من خلال التعلم إلى الاستكشاف. على وجه الخصوص، يستكشف وكيل النص أولا البيئة لجمع المعلومات الخاصة بالفصل، ثم تتكيف مع سياسة التنفيذ لحل المهمة مع هذه المعلومات. على ALFWorld المتاحة للجمهور، أجرينا دراسة مقارنة مع التعلم التقليد وإظهار تفوق طريقنا.
Text-based games can be used to develop task-oriented text agents for accomplishing tasks with high-level language instructions, which has potential applications in domains such as human-robot interaction. Given a text instruction, reinforcement learning is commonly used to train agents to complete the intended task owing to its convenience of learning policies automatically. However, because of the large space of combinatorial text actions, learning a policy network that generates an action word by word with reinforcement learning is challenging. Recent research works show that imitation learning provides an effective way of training a generation-based policy network. However, trained agents with imitation learning are hard to master a wide spectrum of task types or skills, and it is also difficult for them to generalize to new environments. In this paper, we propose a meta reinforcement learning based method to train text agents through learning-to-explore. In particular, the text agent first explores the environment to gather task-specific information and then adapts the execution policy for solving the task with this information. On the publicly available testbed ALFWorld, we conducted a comparison study with imitation learning and show the superiority of our method.
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Deep reinforcement learning provides a promising approach for text-based games in studying natural language communication between humans and artificial agents. However, the generalization still remains a big challenge as the agents depend critically
on the complexity and variety of training tasks. In this paper, we address this problem by introducing a hierarchical framework built upon the knowledge graph-based RL agent. In the high level, a meta-policy is executed to decompose the whole game into a set of subtasks specified by textual goals, and select one of them based on the KG. Then a sub-policy in the low level is executed to conduct goal-conditioned reinforcement learning. We carry out experiments on games with various difficulty levels and show that the proposed method enjoys favorable generalizability.
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Automatic construction of relevant Knowledge Bases (KBs) from text, and generation of semantically meaningful text from KBs are both long-standing goals in Machine Learning. In this paper, we present ReGen, a bidirectional generation of text and grap
h leveraging Reinforcement Learning to improve performance. Graph linearization enables us to re-frame both tasks as a sequence to sequence generation problem regardless of the generative direction, which in turn allows the use of Reinforcement Learning for sequence training where the model itself is employed as its own critic leading to Self-Critical Sequence Training (SCST). We present an extensive investigation demonstrating that the use of RL via SCST benefits graph and text generation on WebNLG+ 2020 and TekGen datasets. Our system provides state-of-the-art results on WebNLG+ 2020 by significantly improving upon published results from the WebNLG 2020+ Challenge for both text-to-graph and graph-to-text generation tasks. More details at https://github.com/IBM/regen.
To date, most abstractive summarisation models have relied on variants of the negative log-likelihood (NLL) as their training objective. In some cases, reinforcement learning has been added to train the models with an objective that is closer to thei
r evaluation measures (e.g. ROUGE). However, the reward function to be used within the reinforcement learning approach can play a key role for performance and is still partially unexplored. For this reason, in this paper, we propose two reward functions for the task of abstractive summarisation: the first function, referred to as RwB-Hinge, dynamically selects the samples for the gradient update. The second function, nicknamed RISK, leverages a small pool of strong candidates to inform the reward. In the experiments, we probe the proposed approach by fine-tuning an NLL pre-trained model over nine summarisation datasets of diverse size and nature. The experimental results show a consistent improvement over the negative log-likelihood baselines.
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