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Register a new userNeutral hydrogen absorption at the center of NGC2146
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We present 1.4 GHz HI absorption line observations towards the starburst in NGC2146, made with the VLA and MERLIN. The HI absorption has a regular spatial and regular velocity distribution, and does not reveal any anomaly as a sign of an encounter with another galaxy or of a far-evolved merger.
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We present 1.4 GHz HI absorption line observations towards the starburst in NGC2146, made with the VLA and MERLIN. The HI gas has a rotating disk/ring structure with column densities between 6 and 18 x 10(21) atoms cm(-2). The HI absorption has a uniform spatial and velocity distribution, and does not reveal any anomalous material concentration or velocity in the central region of the galaxy which might indicate an encounter with another galaxy or a far-evolved merger. We conclude that the signs of an encounter causing the starburst should be searched for in the outer regions of the galaxy.
We present 0.15 arcsec (56 pc) resolution MERLIN observations of neutral hydrogen (HI) 21 cm absorption detected towards the arcsecond-scale radio jet of the Seyfert 1.5 galaxy Markarian 6. Absorption is detected only towards a bright, compact radio feature located, in projection, ~ 380 pc north of the likely location of the optical nucleus. Based on comparison with an archival HST image, we propose a geometry in which the HI absorption arises in a dust lane passing north of, but not covering, the optical nucleus, and the southern lobe of the jet is oriented on the near side of the inclined galaxian disk. We note that this result is contrary to previous models which place the extended narrow-line region on the near side of the disk.
Many radio galaxies show the presence of dense and dusty gas near the active nucleus. This can be traced by both 21cm HI absorption and soft X-ray absorption, offering new insight into the physical nature of the circumnuclear medium of these distant galaxies. To better understand this relationship, we investigate soft X-ray absorption as an indicator for the detection of associated HI absorption, as part of preparation for the First Large Absorption Survey in HI (FLASH) to be undertaken with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP). We present the results of our pilot study using the Boolardy Engineering Test Array, a precursor to ASKAP, to search for new absorption detections in radio sources brighter than 1 Jy that also feature soft X-ray absorption. Based on this pilot survey, we detected HI absorption towards the radio source PKS 1657-298 at a redshift of z = 0.42. This source also features the highest X-ray absorption ratio of our pilot sample by a factor of 3, which is consistent with our general findings that X-ray absorption predicates the presence of dense neutral gas. By comparing the X-ray properties of AGN with and without detection of HI absorption at radio wavelengths, we find that X-ray hardness ratio and HI absorption optical depth are correlated at a statistical significance of 4.71{sigma}. We conclude by considering the impact of these findings on future radio and X-ray absorption studies.
We present the largest homogeneous survey of $z>4.4$ damped Lyman-$alpha$ systems (DLAs) using the spectra of 163 QSOs that comprise the Giant Gemini GMOS (GGG) survey. With this survey we make the most precise high-redshift measurement of the cosmological mass density of neutral hydrogen, $Omega_{rm HI}$. At such high redshift important systematic uncertainties in the identification of DLAs are produced by strong intergalactic medium absorption and QSO continuum placement. These can cause spurious DLA detections, result in real DLAs being missed, or bias the inferred DLA column density distribution. We correct for these effects using a combination of mock and higher-resolution spectra, and show that for the GGG DLA sample the uncertainties introduced are smaller than the statistical errors on $Omega_{rm HI}$. We find $Omega_{rm HI}=0.98^{+0.20}_{-0.18}times10^{-3}$ at $langle zrangle=4.9$, assuming a 20% contribution from lower column density systems below the DLA threshold. By comparing to literature measurements at lower redshifts, we show that $Omega_{rm HI}$ can be described by the functional form $Omega_{rm HI}(z)propto(1+z)^{0.4}$. This gradual decrease from $z=5$ to $0$ is consistent with the bulk of HI gas being a transitory phase fuelling star formation, which is continually replenished by more highly-ionized gas from the intergalactic medium, and from recycled galactic winds.
We model, via Monte Carlo simulations, the distribution of observed U-B, B-V, V-I galaxy colors in the range 1.75<z<5 caused by variations in the line-of-sight opacity due to neutral hydrogen (HI). We also include HI internal to the source galaxies. Even without internal HI absorption, comparison of the distribution of simulated colors to the analytic approximations of Madau (1995) and Madau et al (1996) reveals systematically different mean colors and scatter. Differences arise in part because we use more realistic distributions of column densities and Doppler parameters. However, there are also mathematical problems of applying mean and standard deviation opacities, and such application yields unphysical results. These problems are corrected using our Monte Carlo approach. Including HI absorption internal to the galaxies generaly diminishes the scatter in the observed colors at a given redshift, but for redshifts of interest this diminution only occurs in the colors using the bluest band-pass. Internal column densities < 10^17 cm^2 do not effect the observed colors, while column densities > 10^18 cm^2 yield a limiting distribution of high redshift galaxy colors. As one application of our analysis, we consider the sample completeness as a function of redshift for a single spectral energy distribution (SED) given the multi-color selection boundaries for the Hubble Deep Field proposed by Madau et al (1996). We argue that the only correct procedure for estimating the z>3 galaxy luminosity function from color-selected samples is to measure the (observed) distribution of redshifts and intrinsic SED types, and then consider the variation in color for each SED and redshift. A similar argument applies to the estimation of the luminosity function of color-selected, high redshift QSOs.
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