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Register a new userA new CMY camera technology using Al-TiO2-Al nanorod filter mosaic integrated on a CMOS image sensor
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A CMY colour camera differs from its RGB counterpart in that it employs a subtractive colour space of cyan, magenta and yellow. CMY cameras tend to performs better than RGB cameras in low light conditions due to their much higher transmittance. However, conventional CMY colour filter technology made of pigments and dyes are limited in performance for the next generation image sensors with submicron pixel sizes. These conventional filters are difficult to fabricate at nanoscale dimensions as they use their absorption properties to subtract colours. This paper presents a CMOS compatible nanoscale thick CMY colour mosaic made of Al-TiO2-Al nanorods forming an array 0.82 million colour pixels of 4.4 micron each, arranged in a CMYM pattern. The colour mosaic was then integrated onto a MT9P031 monochrome image sensor to make a CMY camera and the colour imaging demonstrated using a 12 colour Macbeth chart. The developed technology will have applications in astronomy, low exposure time imaging in biology and photography.
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A single-photon CMOS image sensor design based on pinned photodiode (PPD) with multiple charge transfers and sampling is described. In the proposed pixel architecture, the photogenerated signal is sampled non-destructively multiple times and the results are averaged. Each signal measurement is statistically independent and by averaging the electronic readout noise is reduced to a level where single photons can be distinguished reliably. A pixel design using this method has been simulated in TCAD and several layouts have been generated for a 180 nm CMOS image sensor process. Using simulations, the noise performance of the pixel has been determined as a function of the number of samples, sense node capacitance, sampling rate, and transistor characteristics. The strengths and the limitations of the proposed design are discussed in detail, including the trade-off between noise performance and readout rate and the impact of charge transfer inefficiency. The projected performance of our first prototype device indicates that single-photon imaging is within reach and could enable ground-breaking performance in many scientific and industrial imaging applications.
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