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Register a new userProbing new $U(1)$ gauge symmetries via exotic $Z to Z gamma$ decays
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New $U(1)$ gauge theories involving Standard Model (SM) fermions typically require additional electroweak fermions for anomaly cancellation. We study the non-decoupling properties of these new fermions, called anomalons, in the $Z-Z-gamma$ vertex function, reviewing the connection between the full model and the effective Wess-Zumino operator. We calculate the exotic $Z to Z gamma$ decay width in $U(1)_{B-L}$ and $U(1)_B$ models, where $B$ and $L$ denote the SM baryon and lepton number symmetries. For $U(1)_{B-L}$ gauge symmetry, each generation of SM fermions is anomaly free and the exotic $Z to Z_{BL} gamma$ decay width is entirely induced by intragenerational mass splittings. In contrast, for $U(1)_B$ gauge symmetry, the existence of two distinct sources of chiral symmetry breaking enables a heavy, anomaly-free set of fermions to have an irreducible contribution to the $Z to Z_B gamma$ decay width. We show that the current LEP limits on the exotic $Z to Z_B gamma$ decay are weaker than previously estimated, and low-mass $Z_B$ dijet resonance searches are currently more constraining. We present a summary of the current collider bounds on $U(1)_B$ and a projection for a TeraZ factory on the $Z to Z_B gamma$ exotic decay, and emphasize how the $Z to Z gamma$ decay is emblematic of new anomalous $U(1)$ gauge symmetries.
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Searches for new leptophobic resonances at high energy colliders usually target their decay modes into pairs of light quarks, top quarks, or standard model bosons. Additional decay modes may also be present, producing signatures to which current searches are not sensitive. We investigate the performance of generic searches that look for resonances decaying into two large-radius jets. As benchmark for our analysis we use a supersymmetric $text{U}(1)$ extension of the Standard Model, the so-called U$mu u$SSM, where all the SM decay modes of the $Z$ boson take place, plus additional (cascade) decays into new scalars. The generic searches use a generic multi-pronged jet tagger and take advantage of the presence of $b$ quarks in the large-radius jets, and are sensitive to all these $Z$ decay modes (except into light quarks) at once. For couplings that are well below current experimental constraints, these generic searches are sensitive at the $3sigma-4sigma$ level with Run 2 LHC data.
The next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections to $ppto l^+l^-/bar u u+gamma+X$ production, including all off-shell effects of intermediate Z bosons in the complex-mass scheme, are calculated for LHC energies, revealing the typically expected large corrections of tens of percent in the TeV range. Contributions from quark-photon and photon-photon initial states are taken into account as well, but their impact is found to be moderate or small. Moreover, the known next-to-leading-order QCD corrections are reproduced. In order to separate hard photons from jets, both a quark-to-photon fragmentation function a la Glover/Morgan and Frixiones cone isolation are employed. The calculation is available in the form of Monte Carlo programs allowing for the evaluation of arbitrary differential cross sections. Predictions for integrated cross sections are presented for the LHC at 7 TeV, 8 TeV, and 14 TeV, and differential distributions are discussed at 14 TeV for bare muons and dressed leptons. Finally, we consider the impact of anomalous $ZZgamma$ and $Zgammagamma$ couplings.
The significance of new physics appearing in the loop-induced decays of neutral Higgs bosons into pairs of dibosons $gammagamma$ and $Zgamma$ will be discussed in the framework of the 3-3-1 models based on a recent work~cite{Okada:2016whh}, where the Higgs sector becomes effectively the same as that in the two Higgs doublet models (2HDM) after the first symmetry breaking from $SU(3)_L$ scale into the electroweak scale. For large $SU(3)_L$ scale $v_3simeq10$ TeV, dominant one-loop contributions to the two decay amplitudes arise from only the single charged Higgs boson predicted by the 2HDM, leading to that experimental constraint on the signal strength $mu^{331}_{gammagamma}$ of the Standard Model-like Higgs boson decay $hrightarrow gammagamma$ will result in a strict upper bound on the signal strength $mu^{331}_{Zgamma}$ of the decay $hrightarrow, Zgamma$. For a particular model with lower $v_3$ around 3 TeV, contributions from heavy charged gauge and Higgs bosons may have the same order, therefore may give strong destructive or constructive correlations. As a by-product, a deviation from the SM prediction $|mu^{331}_{gammagamma}-1| le 0.04$ still allows $|mu^{331}_{Zgamma}-1|$ to reach values near 0.1. We also show that there exists an $CP$-even neutral Higgs boson $h^0_3$ predicted by the 3-3-1 models, but beyond the 2HDM, has an interesting property that the branching ratio Br$(h^0_3rightarrow gammagamma)$ is very sensitive to the parameter $beta$ used to distinguish different 3-3-1 models.
Motivated by the well known impact of rare decays of hadrons and leptons on the evolution of the Standard Model and on limits for new physics, as well as by the proposal for Giga-Z option at TESLA, we investigate the rare decay Z -> b s-bar in various extensions of the Standard Model.
All lowest-order amplitudes for e+e- --> 4f+gamma are calculated including five anomalous quartic gauge-boson couplings that are allowed by electromagnetic gauge invariance and the custodial SU(2)_c symmetry. Three of these anomalous couplings correspond to the operators L_0, L_c, and L_n that have been constrained by the LEP collaborations in WWgamma production. The anomalous couplings are incorporated in the Monte Carlo generator RACOONWW. Moreover, for the processes e+e- --> 4f+gamma RACOONWW is improved upon including leading universal electroweak corrections such as initial-state radiation. The discussion of numerical results illustrates the size of the leading corrections as well as the impact of the anomalous quartic couplings for LEP2 energies and at 500GeV.
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