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Register a new userThree individual two-axis control of singlet-triplet qubits in a micromagnet integrated quantum dot array
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We report individual confinement and two-axis qubit operations of two electron spin qubits in GaAs gate-defined sextuple quantum dot array with integrated micro-magnet. As a first step toward multiple qubit operations, we demonstrate coherent manipulations of three singlet-triplet qubits showing underdamped Larmor and Ramsey oscillations in all double dot sites. We provide an accurate measure of site site-dependent field gradients and rms electric and magnetic noise, and we discuss the adequacy of simple rectangular micro-magnet for practical use in multiple quantum dot arrays. We also discuss current limitations and possible strategies for realizing simultaneous multi multi-qubit operations in extended linear arrays.
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In many physical approaches to quantum computation, error-correction schemes assume the ability to form two-dimensional qubit arrays with nearest-neighbor couplings and parallel operations at multiple qubit sites. While semiconductor spin qubits exhibit long coherence times relative to their operation speed and single-qubit fidelities above error correction thresholds, multi-qubit operations in two-dimensional arrays have been limited by fabrication, operation, and readout challenges. We present a two-by-two array of four singlet-triplet qubits in gallium-arsenide and show simultaneous coherent operations and four-qubit measurements via exchange oscillations and frequency-multiplexed single-shot measurements. A larger multielectron quantum dot is fabricated in the center of the array as a tunable inter-qubit link, which we utilize to demonstrate coherent spin exchange with a qubit. Our techniques are extensible to other materials, indicating a path towards quantum processors with gate-controlled spin qubits.
Precise qubit manipulation is fundamental to quantum computing, yet experimental systems generally have stray coupling between the qubit and the environment, which hinders the necessary high-precision control. We report here the first theoretical progress in correcting an important class of errors stemming from fluctuations in the magnetic field gradient, in the context of the singlet-triplet spin qubit in a semiconductor double quantum dot. These errors are not amenable to correction via control techniques developed in other contexts, since here the experimenter has precise control only over the rotation rate about the z-axis of the Bloch sphere, and this rate is furthermore restricted to be positive and bounded. Despite these strong constraints, we construct simple electrical pulse sequences that, for small gradients, carry out z-axis rotations while canceling errors up to the sixth order in gradient fluctuations, and for large gradients, carry out arbitrary rotations while canceling the leading order error.
Quantum computers have the potential to solve certain interesting problems significantly faster than classical computers. To exploit the power of a quantum computation it is necessary to perform inter-qubit operations and generate entangled states. Spin qubits are a promising candidate for implementing a quantum processor due to their potential for scalability and miniaturization. However, their weak interactions with the environment, which leads to their long coherence times, makes inter-qubit operations challenging. We perform a controlled two-qubit operation between singlet-triplet qubits using a dynamically decoupled sequence that maintains the two-qubit coupling while decoupling each qubit from its fluctuating environment. Using state tomography we measure the full density matrix of the system and determine the concurrence and the fidelity of the generated state, providing proof of entanglement.
Electrostatically-defined semiconductor quantum dot arrays offer a promising platform for quantum computation and quantum simulation. However, crosstalk of gate voltages to dot potentials and inter-dot tunnel couplings complicates the tuning of the device parameters. To date, crosstalk to the dot potentials is routinely and efficiently compensated using so-called virtual gates, which are specific linear combinations of physical gate voltages. However, due to exponential dependence of tunnel couplings on gate voltages, crosstalk to the tunnel barriers is currently compensated through a slow iterative process. In this work, we show that the crosstalk on tunnel barriers can be efficiently characterized and compensated for, using the fact that the same exponential dependence applies to all gates. We demonstrate efficient calibration of crosstalk in a quadruple quantum dot array and define a set of virtual barrier gates, with which we show orthogonal control of all inter-dot tunnel couplings. Our method marks a key step forward in the scalability of the tuning process of large-scale quantum dot arrays.
Singlet-triplet qubits in lateral quantum dots in semiconductor heterostructures exhibit high-fidelity single-qubit gates via exchange interactions and magnetic field gradients. High-fidelity two-qubit entangling gates are challenging to generate since weak interqubit interactions result in slow gates that accumulate error in the presence of noise. However, the interqubit electrostatic interaction also produces a shift in the local double well detunings, effectively changing the dependence of exchange on the gate voltages. We consider an operating point where the effective exchange is first order insensitive to charge fluctuations while maintaining nonzero interactions. This sweet spot exists only in the presence of interactions. We show that working at the interacting sweet spot can directly produce maximally entangling gates and we simulate the gate evolution under realistic 1/f noise. We report theoretical two-qubit gate fidelities above 99% in GaAs and Si systems.
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