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Register a new userResonance Laser Ionization Spectroscopy of Selenium
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Photoionization spectra of Se have been studied by step-wise resonance laser ionization. The Rydberg series 4s$^2$4p$^3$($^4$S)np $^3$P$_{0,1,2}$ and 4s$^2$4p$^3$($^4$S)np $^5$P$_{1,2,3}$ were measured via different excitation schemes. Using the Rydberg series 4s$^2$4p$^3$($^4$S)np $^3$P$_2$ with n=15-33, the ionization potential of Se was determined with improved precision to 76658.15(2)$_{stat}$(4)$_{sys}$ cm$^{-1}$, which resolved the discrepancy in previous literatures. Autoionizing (AI) spectra between the IP and two neighboring converging limits of the Se ionic states 4s$^2$4p$^3$($^2$D$_{3/2}$) and 4s$^2$4p$^3$($^2$D$_{5/2}$) were obtained. In total eight AI Rydberg series have been observed, measured and assigned.
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Using TRIUMFs off-line laser ion source test stand with a system of tunable titanium sapphire lasers, the polarization dependence of laser resonance ionization has been investigated using beryllium. A significant polarization dependence was observed for the excitation path $^1$S$_0$$rightarrow$$^1$P$^{circ}_1$$rightarrow$$^1$S$_0$, which are typical transitions for alkaline and alkaline-like elements. This polarization dependence was further verified on Be radioactive isotopes at TRIUMFs isotope separator and accelerator facility (ISAC). Laser polarization was proven to be an important parameter in operating resonance ionization laser ion sources (RILIS). The polarization spectroscopy was preformed off-line both on the 2p$^2$ $^1$S$_0$ autoionizing (AI) state and high-$n$ Rydberg states of the $2sns$ $^1S_0$ and $2snd$ $^1D_2$ series. The energy of the 2p$^2$ $^1$S$_0$ AI state and ionization potential (IP) of beryllium were extracted as 76167(6)~cm$^{-1}$ and 75192.59(3)~cm$^{-1}$. Polarization spectroscopy can be used to determine the $J$ values of newly found states in in-source spectroscopy of the complex/radioactive alkaline-like elements such as Ra, Sm, Yb, Pu and No.
Multi-step laser resonance ionization spectroscopy of lutetium (Lu) has been performed at TRIUMFs off-line laser ion source test stand. The even-parity Rydberg series $6s^2nd$ $^2D_{3/2}$, $6s^2nd$ $^2D_{5/2}$ and $6s^2ns$ $^2S_{1/2}$ were observed converging to the 6s$^2$ ionization potential. The experimental results has been compared to previous work. 51 levels of Rydberg series $6s^2nd$ $^2D_{5/2}$ and 52 levels of Rydberg series $6s^2ns$ $^2S_{1/2}$ were reported new. Additionally six even-parity autoionization (AI) series converging to Lu ionic states $5d6s$ $^3D_1$ and $5d6s$ $^3D_2$ were observed. The level energies of these AI states were measured. The configurations of the AI states were assigned by relativistic multichannel theory (RMCT) within the framework of multichannel quantum defect theory (MQDT).
This work reports on the application of a novel electric field-ionization setup for high-resolution laser spectroscopy measurements on bunched fast atomic beams in a collinear geometry. In combination with multi-step resonant excitation to Rydberg states using pulsed lasers, the field ionization technique demonstrates increased sensitivity for isotope separation and measurement of atomic parameters over non-resonant laser ionization methods. The setup was tested at the Collinear Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy experiment at ISOLDE-CERN to perform high-resolution measurements of transitions in the indium atom from the 5s$^2$5d~$^2$D$_{5/2}$ and 5s$^2$5d~$^2$D$_{3/2}$ states to 5s$^2$($n$)p~$^2$P and 5s$^2$($n$)f~$^2$F Rydberg states, up to a principal quantum number of $n$ = 72. The extracted Rydberg level energies were used to re-evaluate the ionization potential of the indium atom to be 46670.1055(21) cm$^{-1}$. The nuclear magnetic dipole and nuclear electric quadrupole hyperfine structure constants and level isotope shifts of the 5s$^2$5d~$^2$D$_{5/2}$ and 5s$^2$5d~$^2$D$_{3/2}$ states were determined for $^{113,115}$In. The results are compared to calculations using relativistic coupled-cluster theory. A good agreement is found with the ionization potential and isotope shifts, while disagreement of hyperfine structure constants indicates an increased importance of electron correlations in these excited atomic states. With the aim of further increasing the detection sensitivity for measurements on exotic isotopes, a systematic study of the field-ionization arrangement implemented in the work was performed and an improved design was simulated and is presented. The improved design offers increased background suppression independent of the distance from field ionization to ion detection.
Employing recent developed magneto-optical trap recoil ion momentum spectroscopy (MOTRIMS) combining cold atom, strong laser pulse, and ultrafast technologies, we study momentum distributions of the multiply ionized cold rubidium (Rb) induced by the elliptically polarized laser pulses (35 fs, $1.3 times 10^{15}$ W/cm$^2$). The complete vector momenta of Rbn+ ions up to charge state n = 4 are recorded with extremely high resolution (0.12 a.u. for Rb$^+$). Variations of characteristic multi-bands displayed in momentum distributions, as the ellipticity varies from the linear to circular polarization, are interpreted qualitatively with the classical over-barrier ionization model. Present momentum spectroscopy of cold heavy alkali atoms presents novel strong-field phenomena beyond the noble gases.
This paper reviews the recent results in high-resolution spectroscopy on cold molecules. Laser spectroscopy of cold molecules addresses issues of symmetry violation, like in the search for the electric dipole moment of the electron and the studies on energy differences in enantiomers of chiral species; tries to improve the precision to which fundamental physical constants are known and tests for their possible variation in time and space; tests quantum electrodynamics, and searches for a fifth force. Further, we briefly review the recent technological progresses in the fields of cold molecules and mid-infrared lasers, which are the tools that mainly set the limits for the resolution that is currently attainable in the measurements.
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