No Arabic abstract
We prove that sub-Riemannian manifolds are infinitesimally Hilbertian (i.e., the associated Sobolev space is Hilbert) when equipped with an arbitrary Radon measure. The result follows from an embedding of metric derivations into the space of square-integrable sections of the horizontal bundle, which we obtain on all weighted sub-Finsler manifolds. As an intermediate tool, of independent interest, we show that any sub-Finsler distance can be monotonically approximated from below by Finsler ones. All the results are obtained in the general setting of possibly rank-varying structures.
We show that, given a metric space $(Y,d)$ of curvature bounded from above in the sense of Alexandrov, and a positive Radon measure $mu$ on $Y$ giving finite mass to bounded sets, the resulting metric measure space $(Y,d,mu)$ is infinitesimally Hilbertian, i.e. the Sobolev space $W^{1,2}(Y,d,mu)$ is a Hilbert space. The result is obtained by constructing an isometric embedding of the `abstract and analytical space of derivations into the `concrete and geometrical bundle whose fibre at $xin Y$ is the tangent cone at $x$ of $Y$. The conclusion then follows from the fact that for every $xin Y$ such a cone is a CAT(0)-space and, as such, has a Hilbert-like structure.
In this article we study the validity of the Whitney $C^1$ extension property for horizontal curves in sub-Riemannian manifolds endowed with 1-jets that satisfy a first-order Taylor expansion compatibility condition. We first consider the equiregular case, where we show that the extension property holds true whenever a suitable non-singularity property holds for the input-output maps on the Carnot groups obtained by nilpotent approximation. We then discuss the case of sub-Riemannian manifolds with singular points and we show that all step-2 manifolds satisfy the $C^1$ extension property. We conclude by showing that the $C^1$ extension property implies a Lusin-like approximation theorem for horizontal curves on sub-Riemannian manifolds.
We show that if $M$ is a sub-Riemannian manifold and $N$ is a Carnot group such that the nilpotentization of $M$ at almost every point is isomorphic to $N$, then there are subsets of $N$ of positive measure that embed into $M$ by bilipschitz maps. Furthermore, $M$ is countably $N$--rectifiable, i.e., all of $M$ except for a null set can be covered by countably many such maps.
We construct examples of smooth 4-dimensional manifolds M supporting a locally CAT(0)-metric, whose universal cover X satisfy Hruskas isolated flats condition, and contain 2-dimensional flats F with the property that the boundary at infinity of F defines a nontrivial knot in the boundary at infinity of X. As a consequence, we obtain that the fundamental group of M cannot be isomorphic to the fundamental group of any Riemannian manifold of nonpositive sectional curvature. In particular, M is a locally CAT(0)-manifold which does not support any Riemannian metric of nonpositive sectional curvature.
In this paper we describe the classification of all the geometric fibrations of a closed flat Riemannian 4-manifold over a 1-orbifold.