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We define the $m$th Veronese power of a weight graded operad $mathcal{P}$ to be its suboperad $mathcal{P}^{[m]}$ generated by operations of weight $m$. It turns out that, unlike Veronese powers of associative algebras, homological properties of operads are, in general, not improved by this construction. However, under some technical conditions, Veronese powers of quadratic Koszul operads are meaningful in the context of the Koszul duality theory. Indeed, we show that in many important cases the operads $mathcal{P}^{[m]}$ are related by Koszul duality to operads describing strongly homotopy algebras with only one nontrivial operation. Our theory has immediate applications to objects as Lie $k$-algebras and Lie triple systems. In the case of Lie $k$-algebras, we also discuss a similarly looking ungraded construction which is frequently used in the literature. We establish that the corresponding operad does not possess good homotopy properties, and that it leads to a very simple example of a non-Koszul quadratic operad for which the Ginzburg--Kapranov power series test is inconclusive.
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The purpose of this foundational paper is to introduce various notions and constructions in order to develop the homotopy theory for differential graded operads over any ring. The main new idea is to consider the action of the symmetric groups as part of the defining structure of an operad and not as the underlying category. We introduce a new dual category of higher cooperads, a new higher bar-cobar adjunction with the category of operads, and a new higher notion of homotopy operads, for which we establish the relevant homotopy properties. For instance, the higher bar-cobar construction provides us with a cofibrant replacement functor for operads over any ring. All these constructions are produced conceptually by applying the curved Koszul duality for colored operads. This paper is a first step toward a new Koszul duality theory for operads, where the action of the symmetric groups is properly taken into account.
We present $PL_{infty}$-algebras in the form of composition of maps and show that a $PL_{infty}$-algebra $V$ can be described by a nilpotent coderivation on coalgebra $P^*V$ of degree $-1$. Using coalgebra maps among $T^*V$, $wedge^*V$, $P^*V$, we show that every $A_{infty}$-algebra carries a $PL_{infty}$-algebra structure and every $PL_{infty}$-algebra carries an $L_{infty}$-algebra structure. In particular, we obtain a pre Lie $n$-algebra structure on an arbitrary partially associative $n$-algebra and deduce pre Lie $n$-algebras are $n$-Lie admissible.
Using the description of enriched $infty$-operads as associative algebras in symmetric sequences, we define algebras for enriched $infty$-operads as certain modules in symmetric sequences. For $mathbf{V}$ a nice symmetric monoidal model category, we prove that strict algebras for $Sigma$-cofibrant operads in $mathbf{V}$ are equivalent to algebras in the associated symmetric monoidal $infty$-category in this sense. We also show that $mathcal{O}$-algebras in $mathcal{V}$ can equivalently be described as morphisms of $infty$-operads from $mathcal{O}$ to endomorphism operads of (families of) objects of $mathcal{V}$.
We examine Hopf cyclic cohomology in the same context as the analysis of the geometry of loop spaces $LX$ in derived algebraic geometry and the resulting close relationship between $S^1$-equivariant quasi-coherent sheaves on $LX$ and $D_X$-modules. Furthermore, the Hopf setting serves as a toy case for the categorification of Chern character theory. More precisely, this examination naturally leads to a definition of mixed anti-Yetter-Drinfeld contramodules which reduces to that of the usual mixed complexes for the trivial Hopf algebra and generalizes the notion of stable anti-Yetter-Drinfeld contramodules that have thus far served as the coefficients for Hopf-cyclic theories. The cohomology is then obtained as a $Hom$ in this dg-category between a Chern character object associated to an algebra and an arbitrary coefficient mixed anti-Yetter-Drinfeld contramodule.
The solution of Delignes conjecture on Hochschild cochains and the formality of the operad of little disks provide us with a natural homotopy Gerstenhaber algebra structure on the Hochschild cochains of an associative algebra. In this paper we construct a natural chain of quasi-isomorphisms of homotopy Gerstenhaber algebras between the Hochschild cochain complex C(A) of a regular commutative algebra A over a field of characteristic zero and the Gerstenhaber algebra of multiderivations of A. Unlike the original approach of the second author based on the computation of obstructions our method allows us to avoid the bulky Gelfand-Fuchs trick and prove the formality of the homotopy Gerstenhaber algebra structure on the sheaf of polydifferential operators on a smooth algebraic variety, a complex manifold, and a smooth real manifold.
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