No Arabic abstract
We study theoretically the effects of short-range electron-electron interactions on the electronic structure of graphene, in the presence of single substitutional impurities. Our computational approach is based on the $pi$ orbital tight-binding approximation for graphene, with the electron-electron interactions treated self-consistently at the level of the mean-field Hubbard model. We compare explicitly non-interacting and interacting cases with varying interaction strength and impurity potential strength. We focus in particular on the interaction-induced modifications in the local density of states around the impurity, which is a quantity that can be directly probed by scanning tunneling spectroscopy of doped graphene. We find that the resonant character of the impurity states near the Fermi level is enhanced by the interactions. Furthermore, the size of the energy gap, which opens at high-symmetry points of the Brillouin zone of the supercell upon doping, is significantly affected by the interactions. The details of this effect depend subtly on the supercell geometry. We use a perturbative model to explain these features and find quantitative agreement with numerical results.
The effect of electron-electron interaction on the low-temperature conductivity of graphene is investigated experimentally. Unlike in other two-dimensional systems, the electron-electron interaction correction in graphene is sensitive to the details of disorder. A new temperature regime of the interaction correction is observed where quantum interference is suppressed by intra-valley scattering. We determine the value of the interaction parameter, F_0 ~ -0.1, and show that its small value is due to the chiral nature of interacting electrons.
Graphene phonons are measured as a function of electron doping via the addition of potassium adatoms. In the low doping regime, the in-plane carbon G-peak hardens and narrows with increasing doping, analogous to the trend seen in graphene doped via the field-effect. At high dopings, beyond those accessible by the field-effect, the G-peak strongly softens and broadens. This is interpreted as a dynamic, non-adiabatic renormalization of the phonon self-energy. At dopings between the light and heavily doped regimes, we find a robust inhomogeneous phase where the potassium coverage is segregated into regions of high and low density. The phonon energies, linewidths and tunability are remarkably similar for 1-4 layer graphene, but significantly different to doped bulk graphite.
We present magneto-Raman scattering studies of electronic inter Landau level excitations in quasi-neutral graphene samples with different strengths of Coulomb interaction. The band velocity associated with these excitations is found to depend on the dielectric environment, on the index of Landau level involved, and to vary as a function of the magnetic field. This contradicts the single-particle picture of non-interacting massless Dirac electrons, but is accounted for by theory when the effect of electron-electron interaction is taken into account. Raman active, zero-momentum inter Landau level excitations in graphene are sensitive to electron-electron interactions due to the non-applicability of the Kohn theorem in this system, with a clearly non-parabolic dispersion relation.
We report on a theoretical study of the influence of electron-electron interactions on ARPES spectra in graphene that is based on the random-phase-approximation and on graphenes massless Dirac equation continuum model. We find that level repulsion between quasiparticle and plasmaron resonances gives rise to a gap-like feature at small k. ARPES spectra are sensitive to the electron-electron interaction coupling strength $alpha_{rm gr}$ and might enable an experimental determination of this material parameter.
Single crystal ZnO nanowires doped with indium are synthesized via the laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition method. The conductivity of the nanowires is measured at low temperatures in magnetic fields both perpendicular and parallel to the wire axes. A quantitative fit of our data is obtained, consistent with the theory of a quasi-one-dimensional metallic system with quantum corrections due to weak localization and electron-electron interactions. The anisotropy of the magneto-conductivity agrees with theory. The two quantum corrections are of approximately equal magnitude with respective temperature dependences of T^-1/3 and T^-1/2. The alternative model of quasi-two-dimensional surface conductivity is excluded by the absence of oscillations in the magneto-conductivity in parallel magnetic fields.