No Arabic abstract
This paper proposes a complete IFoF system architecture derived from simplified IEEE802.15.3c PHY layer proposal to successfully ensure near 1 Gbps on the air interface. The system architecture utilizes low complexity baseband processing modules. The byte/frame synchronization technique is designed to provide a high value of preamble detection probability and a very small value of the false detection probability. Conventional Reed-Solomon RS (255, 239) coding is used for Channel Forward Error Correction (FEC). Good communication link quality and Bit Error Rate (BER) results at 875 Mbps are achieved with directional antennas.
A plethora of demanding services and use cases mandate a revolutionary shift in the management of future wireless network resources. Indeed, when tight quality of service demands of applications are combined with increased complexity of the network, legacy network management routines will become unfeasible in 6G. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is emerging as a fundamental enabler to orchestrate the network resources from bottom to top. AI-enabled radio access and AI-enabled core will open up new opportunities for automated configuration of 6G. On the other hand, there are many challenges in AI-enabled networks that need to be addressed. Long convergence time, memory complexity, and complex behaviour of machine learning algorithms under uncertainty as well as highly dynamic channel, traffic and mobility conditions of the network contribute to the challenges. In this paper, we survey the state-of-art research in utilizing machine learning techniques in improving the performance of wireless networks. In addition, we identify challenges and open issues to provide a roadmap for the researchers.
To enhance system performance of future heterogeneous wireless networks the co-design of PHY, MAC, and higher layer protocols is inevitable. In this work, we present WiSCoP - a novel embedded platform for experimentation, prototyping and implementation of integrated cross-layer network design approaches. WiSCoP is built on top of a Zynq hardware platform integrated with FMCOMMS1/2/4 RF front ends. We demonstrate the flexibility of WiSCoP by using it to prototype a fully standard compliant IEEE 802.15.4 stack with real-time performance and cross-layer integration.
The COMET experiment at J-PARC aims to search for the neutrinoless transition of a muon to an electron. We have developed the readout electronics board called ROESTI for the COMET straw tube tracker. We plan to install the ROESTI in the gas manifold of the detector. The number of vacuum feedthroughs needs to be reduced due to space constraints and cost limitations. In order to decrease the number of vacuum feedthroughs drastically, we developed a network processor with a daisy-chain function of Gigabit Ethernet for the FPGA on the ROESTI. We implemented two SiTCPs, which are hardware-based TCP processors for Gigabit Ethernet, in the network processor. We also added the data path controllers which handle the Ethernet frames and the event data. The network processor enables ROESTI to process the slow control over UDP/IP and to transfer event data over TCP/IP. By using the network processor, we measured the throughput, the stability, and the data loss rate for two to six ROESTIs. In any number of boards, the throughput of the event data transfer achieved the theoretical limit of TCP over the Gigabit Ethernet stably and ROESTI stably sent 100% of the data.
In this work, we present the results of a wideband measurement campaign at 60 GHz conducted inside a Linkker electric city bus. Targeting prospective millimeter-wave (mmWave) public transportation wearable scenarios, we mimic a typical deployment of mobile high-end consumer devices in a dense environment. Specifically, our intra-vehicle deployment includes one receiver and multiple transmitters corresponding to a mmWave access point and passengers wearable and hand-held devices. While the receiver is located in the front part of the bus, the transmitters repeat realistic locations of personal devices (i) at the seat level (e.g., a hand-held device) and (ii) at a height 70 cm above the seat (e.g., a wearable device: augmented reality glasses or a head-mounted display). Based on the measured received power, we construct a logarithmic model for the distance-dependent path loss. The parametrized models developed in the course of this study have the potential to become an attractive ground for the link budget estimation and interference footprint studies in crowded public transportation scenarios.
Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) is a successful industry cooperation defining the publicly available specification for the key internal interface of radio base stations between the radio equipment control (REC) and the radio equipment (RE) in the fronthaul of mobile networks. However, CPRI is expensive to deploy, consumes large bandwidth, and currently is statically configured. On the other hand, an Ethernet-based mobile fronthaul will be cost-efficient and more easily reconfigurable. Encapsulating CPRI over Ethernet (CoE) is an attractive solution, but stringent CPRI requirements such as delay and jitter are major challenges that need to be met to make CoE a reality. This study investigates whether CoE can meet delay and jitter requirements by performing FPGA-based Verilog experiments and simulations. Verilog experiments show that CoE encapsulation with fixed Ethernet frame size requires about tens of microseconds. Numerical experiments show that the proposed scheduling policy of CoE flows on Ethernet can reduce jitter when redundant Ethernet capacity is provided. The reduction in jitter can be as large as 1 {mu}s, hence making Ethernet-based mobile fronthaul a credible technology.