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Register a new userResonant effects on the two-photon emission from hydrogenic ions
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P. Amaro
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A theoretical study the all two-photon transitions from initial bound states with ni = 2, 3 in hydrogenic ions is presented. High-precision values of relativistic decay rates for ions with nuclear charge in the range 1 =< Z =< 92 are obtained through the use of finite basis sets for the Dirac equation constructed from B-splines. We also report the spectral (energy) distributions of several resonant transitions, which exhibit interesting structures, such as zeroes in the emission spectrum, indicating that two-photon emission is strongly suppressed at certain frequencies. We compare two different approaches (the Line Profile Approach (LPA) and the QED approach based on the analysis of the relativistic two-loop self energy (TLA)) to regularize the resonant contribution to the decay rate. Predictions for the pure two-photon contributions obtained in these approaches are found to be in a good numerical agreement.
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Two--photon decay of hydrogen--like ions is studied within the framework of second--order perturbation theory, based on relativistic Diracs equation. Special attention is paid to the effects arising from the summation over the negative--energy (intermediate virtual) states that occurs in such a framework. In order to investigate the role of these states, detailed calculations have been carried out for the $2s_{1/2} - 1s_{1/2}$ and $2p_{1/2} - 1s_{1/2}$ transitions in neutral hydrogen H as well as for hydrogen--like xenon Xe$^{53+}$ and uranium U$^{91+}$ ions. We found that for a correct evaluation of the total and energy--differential decay rates, summation over the negative--energy part of Diracs spectrum should be properly taken into account both for high--$Z$ and low--$Z$ atomic systems.
We theoretically explore a variant of RABBITT spectroscopy in which the attosecond-pulse train comprises isolated pairs of consecutive harmonics of the fundamental infrared probe frequency. In this scheme, one-photon and two-photon amplitudes interfere resulting in an asymmetric photoelectron emission. This interferometric principle has the potential of giving access to the time-resolved ionization of systems that exhibit autoionizing states, since it imprints the group delay of both one-photon and two-photon resonant transitions in the energy-resolved photoelectron anisotropy as a function of the pump-probe time delay. To bring to the fore the connection between the pump-probe ionization process and its perturbative analysis, on the the one side, and the underlying field-free scattering observables as well as the radiative couplings in the target system, on the other side, we test this scheme with an exactly solvable analytical one-dimensional model that supports both bound states and shape-resonances. The asymmetric photoelectron emission near a resonance is computed using perturbation theory as well as solving the time-dependent Schodinger equation; the results are in excellent agreement with the field-free resonant scattering properties of the model.
Measurements of the phase of two-photon matrix elements are presented for near-resonant two-color ionization of helium. A tunable, narrow-bandwidth, near-infrared (NIR) laser source is used for extreme ultra-violet (XUV) high-harmonic generation (HHG). The 15th harmonic of the laser is used within (1+1) XUV+NIR two-photon ionization, and tuned in and out of resonance with members of the 1s$n$p $^1$P$_1$ ($n=3,4,5$) Rydberg series. Rapid changes in the phase of the two-photon matrix elements around resonances and at the mid-way point between two resonances are observed, encoding the relative importance of resonant and near-resonant two-color ionization. Similar effects are observed for (1+2) XUV+NIR three-photon ionization. The experimental results are compared to a perturbative model and numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation (TDSE) in the single active electron (SAE) approximation.
We study resonant two-color two-photon ionization of Helium via the 1s3p 1P1 state. The first color is the 15th harmonic of a tunable titanium sapphire laser, while the second color is the fundamental laser radiation. Our method uses phase-locked high-order harmonics to determine the {it phase} of the two-photon process by interferometry. The measurement of the two-photon ionization phase variation as a function of detuning from the resonance and intensity of the dressing field allows us to determine the intensity dependence of the transition energy.
We present an analytical model that characterizes two-photon transitions in the presence of autoionising states. We applied this model to interpret resonant RABITT spectra, and show that, as a harmonic traverses a resonance, the phase of the sideband beating significantly varies with photon energy. This phase variation is generally very different from the $pi$ jump observed in previous works, in which the direct path contribution was negligible. We illustrate the possible phase profiles arising in resonant two-photon transitions with an intuitive geometrical representation.
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