Effect of The Biogas on Pipes and The related Used Equipments in Damascus Wastewater Treatment Plant

The corrosion of biogas pipes and equipments damage as generators, boilers and coprocessors is one of the most real important problems in Damascus wastewater treatment plant (at Adra region). These problem caused high financial losses and costs , that it required studying and solving. Biogas is the result of an aerobic digestion process of sludge, it contains about 50-70% of methane as a main resource of power, where the biogas considers free when it release spontaneity. Different analysis have been occurred on the biogas to show its components, tests on the pipes material and analysis of sediment material inside the pipes that caused by biogas.

Estimate of Loads of Parasitic Worm-Eggs in the Sludge Resulting from Some Wastewater Treatment Plants in Lattakia

This study was performed at three plants for sewage treatment in Syrian coastal villages: al-Hara, Murj-Muairban, and Hibbeat. Dry sludge samples were collected from drying sludge basins monthly, during the period October 2011-September 2012. We depended on different global ways to isolate the eggs from the sludge (flotation, sedimentation, filtration through special sieves). The microscopic study results of the sediment showed the presence of 5 different species of the parasitic worm-eggs, belonged taxonomically to five different species of parasitic worms, two species belonged to Nematoda: Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichura, and three species belonged to Platyhelminthes: one species of them belonged to Trematoda: Schistosoma mansoni, and the other two species belonged to cestodes: Taenia saginata, and Diphyllobothrium latum. The average number of worms eggs isolated from the dry sludge resulting from the three studied sewage treatment plants (al-Hara, Murj-Muairban, and Hibbeat) recorded relatively close values, the most number in the dry sludge resulting from the treatment plant in Hibbeat with an average 97.16% eggs/50g, then al-Hara with an average 75.08egg/50g dry sludge. Also the results showed that the isolated eggs were more diversed in Hibbeat treatment plant, this an indicator of the health status of the population in the studied sites. Study showed that the number and diversity of parasitic worm – eggs use more observed in Summer and Autumn than in Winter and Spring.

Microbiological Purification of Wastewater Using Butomus

Water samples were collected three times a week to make chemical, physical and microbiological tests, in order to determine the role of Macrophytes in improving and enhancing domestic wastewater purification processes, by the means of providing the necessary oxygen for microorganisms; absorbing some metal elements and chemical ions in addition to adsorbing a portion of microorganisms on its surfaces. This will lead to the completion of water purification and mineralization processes. Necessary tests for evaluating the purification processes had been carried on raw and treated water for a period of 17 days each experiment, using special tanks previously made for this purpose. The results obtained confirmed the effective role of microorganisms in domestic wastewater treatment and water purification using macrophytes which were capable of providing the suitable conditions to motivate heterotrophic microorganisms, which are characterized by the ability to decompose the organic matter and its active oxidation, which affects the concentrations of nitrates, ammonium, suspended solids and electrical conductivity... Etc. Tests results clearly confirm the positive effect of Macrophytes as Butomus umbellatus on enhancing purification processes and activating the organic matter mineralization by microorganisms.

Photocatalytic degradation of phenolic acids In olive mills wastewater

Phenolic compounds are known to be present in high concentration in various of agro industrial wastes such as olive mill wastewater. As they are highly biorecalcitrant a possible treatment by Advanced Oxidation Processes has to be investigated. The photocatalytic degradation of the phenolic acids p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, Dihydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid) in the presence of TiO2 deposit on a glass plate has been reported. A comparison for the adsorption properties and the kinetics of reaction have been studied. The kinetics were found to be first order for all compounds and were compared with the compounds’ structures. The reaction rate for the compounds was found as the order Di-HBA < GA < p-HBA ≈ SA ≈ VA. The influence on the photdegradation rate of various parameters as pH, and substrate’s concentration was studied for p-Hydroxybenzoic acid only. It was found that the reaction is pH and substrate’s concentration dependence. A removal efficiency (50-70%) was determined after 5hr using UVlamp (15W- λ=360nm) and it increased up to 95% when H2O2 was added.

Decolourization of Textile Industry Wastewater by the Photocatalytic degradation process. «Part 2»

During the past few years attention has been drawn on chemical techniques that could be used to discolour textile wastewaters. We have studied the photocatalytic degradation of various dyes (Methyl orange, Azo carmine B, Coomassie Brilliant blue G250, Tartrazine, Calcon, Eriochrome blue SE, Solamine Red 4BL, Bismarck brown Y(G), Methylen blue, Black 5, Red 120, Morin) using TiO2 P25 Degussa as catalyst. All dye solutions underwent a decolourization. The kinetics of reaction have been studied and were found to be zero or first order with respect to the dye. It was compared with the adsorption properties. The effect of the addition of hydrogen peroxide has been studied. An enhancement of the rate has been observed in all cases and the order with respect to the dye's concentration in presence of the additive seemed not to change. It is difficult to give general view of the kinetics using these very different dyes but the process was found to be effective for the decolourization of textile wastewater.