The most important issue in human existence and survival is the safety and security,
came to build castles as an expression and reflection honest to this issue in detail, on the
one hand, the cumulative product met the experiences and melted in whi
ch all values of the
most important urban civilization landmarks on the other hand, of its art defensive large,
high architectural taste.
This research deals with the study of the concept of castles reviewing phases of
architecture throughout history, then an explanation for classification, types and
importance and finally made the social and geographical dimension of the castle and
concludes to establish a set of results for subsequent research in the future.
Every osteotomy and every surgical correction of dentofacial deformity has
influences on the whole orofacial system including the TMJ. This study
aimed evaluate the effect on the TMJ after the orthognathic surgery
(bimaxillary osteotomy).Furthermo
re, a comparison was made between the
results obtained by bimaxillary osteotomy without condylar positioning and
the pre-operation centric position of the condyle.
