In this paper, the chemical structure of pectin has been
modified by reacting of carboxyl group in pectin with tetrabutyl
ammonium hydroxide [TBA-OH], (acid-base) reaction, to change
hydrophilic properties by adding hydrophobic alkyl chains to the
polymer chain in pectin, Some physical properties of both: pectin
and tetrabutyl ammonium pectin; has been determined by
measuring the Kinematic viscosity, degree of turbidity and density
of their water solutions at different concentration.
We used Bacteriological studies to determine the quality of water, through quick methods, simple and sensitive detection of water contaminants, and in particularly bacteria that indicated the health status of water quality. We presented in this study
the effect of sewage on distribution nutrients and the Streptococci bacteria. Seven samples were taken during the period 2013 to 2014, at a rate of two cruises per season. Some of these samples were taken in near sewage stations, others, to make a comparison, were taken in distant ones. The study showed an increase in nutrients. These bacteria were linked to a positive relationship with nutrients because the presence of nutrients stimulated bacterial growth.
The Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (Anammox) is a new method
to reduce the concentration of nitrogen in waste water , this reaction oxidizes ammonium to nitrogen gas and results little amount of nitrate by using ammonium as electron donor , and nitrit
e as electron acceptor in anaerobic conditions and in absence of organic carbon.
The inorganic carbon is very necessary to the growth of Anammox
bacteria and to produce new cells , because this bacteria effect
negatively with organic carbon.
