The chisel plough is the most important soil preparation machinery for planting and its
direct effect on the physical properties of the soil is reflected in the cultivated yield.
The purpose of this research is to evaluate the performance of the lo
cal chisel plough
through its positive effects on the physical properties of soil so as to tillage heavy clay soil,
the most difficult types of soils, and then determine the time period for the disappearance
of these effects and the return of the soil as it was prior to tillage and planting in terms of
these physical properties. When planting the wheat crop under Syrian conditions.
The actual field capacity of the plough was (1.01 hec/h) and field efficiency (79.53%), and
consumed fuel (13.97 l/h).
There was a positive change in the physical properties of the soil due to the use of the
chisel plough and two perpendicular faces, where the bulk density of the soil decreased
(23.8%) and moisture content from (30.85%) to (28.33%). While increasing the total soil
porosity (13.26%) and air porosity (56.76% ) and void ratio (45.71%).
It was found that the positive effects of the chisel disappear during one agricultural season.
The process of tillage cannot be dispensed with the tillage to cultivate the wheat crop under
the Syrian conditions (the Algab area). It must be done the traditional tillage (two faces),
Where it was found that the soil return to its status before tillage and planting after (180)
days, before the end of the planting season and before harvesting the wheat crop by about a
month.
It was found that some of the physical properties of the soil contributed to determining the
time period for the return of the soil properties as they were prior to tillage. These include
the bulk density of the soil, the total porosity of the soil and the void ratio that are directly
affected by tillage.
Some of the physical properties did not contribute to determining the time period for the
return of soil properties as they were prior to tillage. They include both soil moisture
content and air porosity, which are affected by tillage, but are more affected by climatic
conditions such as temperature and rainfall.
Through the soil stabilization we follow improvement of the physical
properties of the soil by adding chemical binding materials. This paper deals
with the treatment of soil samples collected from four locations in the south of
Syria, that would b
e used in irrigation canals basement . The binding
material used for the soil treatment is quicklime (CaO). After different
treatments the soil samples have a different behaviour after addition of Lime in
the same percent which reflects their ability to be stabilized.