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In this study, we present the ro-vibrationally resolved gas-phase spectrum of the diatomic molecule TiO around 1000,cm$^{-1}$. Molecules were produced in a laser ablation source by vaporizing a pure titanium sample in the atmosphere of gaseous nitrous oxide. Adiabatically expanded gas, containing TiO, formed a supersonic jet and was probed perpendicularly to its propagation by infrared radiation from quantum cascade lasers. Fundamental bands of $^{46-50}$TiO and vibrational hotbands of $^{48}$TiO are identified and analyzed. In a mass-independent fitting procedure combining the new infrared data with pure rotational and electronic transitions from the literature, a Dunham-like parameterization is obtained. From the present data set, the multi-isotopic analysis allows to determine the spin-rotation coupling constant $gamma$ and the Born-Oppenheimer correction coefficient $Delta_{rm U_{10}}^{mathrm{Ti}}$ for the first time. The parameter set enables to calculate the Born-Oppenheimer correction coefficients $Delta_{rm U_{02}}^{mathrm{Ti}}$ and $Delta_{rm U_{02}}^{mathrm{O}}$. In addition, the vibrational transition moments for the observed vibrational transitions are reported.
The acetylene-vinylidene system serves as a benchmark for investigations of ultrafast dynamical processes where the coupling of the electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom provides a fertile playground to explore the femto- and sub-femto-second phy
The hitherto unexplored two-photon doubly-excited states [Ne$^{*}$($2p^{-1}3s$)]$_{2}$ were experimentally identified using the seeded, fully coherent, intense extreme ultraviolet free-electron laser FERMI. These states undergo ultrafast interatomic
The toolbox for imaging molecules is well-equipped today. Some techniques visualize the geometrical structure, others the electron density or electron orbitals. Molecules are many-body systems for which the correlation between the constituents is dec
The yield of neutral excited atoms and low-energy photoelectrons generated by the electron dynamics in the combined Coulomb and laser field after tunneling is investigated. We present results of Monte-Carlo simulations built on the two-step semiclass
We propose a novel type of Rydberg dimer, consisting of a Rydberg-state atom bound to a distant positive ion. The molecule is formed through long-range electric-multipole interaction between the Rydberg atom and the point-like ion. We present potenti