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We report fully relativistic molecular-dynamics simulations that verify the appearance of thermal equilibrium of a classical gas inside a uniformly accelerated container. The numerical experiments confirm that the local momentum distribution in this system is very well approximated by the Juttner function -- originally derived for a flat spacetime -- via the Tolman-Ehrenfest effect. Moreover, it is shown that when the acceleration or the container size is large enough, the global momentum distribution can be described by the so-called modified Juttner function, which was initially proposed as an alternative to the Juttner function.
We present and analyze a minimalist model for the vertical transport of people in a tall building by elevators. We focus on start-of-day operation in which people arrive at the ground floor of the building at a fixed rate. When an elevator arrives on
Stochastically switching force terms appear frequently in models of biological systems under the action of active agents such as proteins. The interaction of switching force and Brownian motion can create an effective thermal equilibrium even though
We study the thermal fluctuation induced interactions between two surfaces containing Brownian charges which are held at different temperatures. Using a dynamical form of Debye-Huckel theory implemented within the stochastic equation for the density
Non-equilibrium processes in Schottky systems generate by projection onto the equilibrium subspace reversible accompanying processes for which the non-equilibrium variables are functions of the equilibrium ones. The embedding theorem which guarantees
We discuss the scaling of the interaction energy with particle numbers for a harmonically trapped two-species mixture at thermal equilibrium experiencing interactions of arbitrary strength and range. In the limit of long-range interactions and weak c