ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
The inherent structures ({it IS}) are the local minima of the potential energy surface or landscape, $U({bf r})$, of an {it N} atom system. Stillinger has given an exact {it IS} formulation of thermodynamics. Here the implications for the equation of state are investigated. It is shown that the van der Waals ({it vdW}) equation, with density-dependent $a$ and $b$ coefficients, holds on the high-temperature plateau of the averaged {it IS} energy. However, an additional ``landscape contribution to the pressure is found at lower $T$. The resulting extended {it vdW} equation, unlike the original, is capable of yielding a water-like density anomaly, flat isotherms in the coexistence region {it vs} {it vdW} loops, and several other desirable features. The plateau energy, the width of the distribution of {it IS}, and the ``top of the landscape temperature are simulated over a broad reduced density range, $2.0 ge rho ge 0.20$, in the Lennard-Jones fluid. Fits to the data yield an explicit equation of state, which is argued to be useful at high density; it nevertheless reproduces the known values of $a$ and $b$ at the critical point.
A version of the Greens functions theory of the Van der Waals forces which can be conveniently used in the presence of spatial dispersion is presented. The theory is based on the fluctuation-dissipation theorem and is valid for interacting bodies, se
Inspired by the recent developments in the study of the thermodynamics of van der Waals fluids via the theory of nonlinear conservation laws and the description of phase transitions in terms of classical (dissipative) shock waves, we propose a novel
The van der Waals heterostructures are a fertile frontier for discovering emergent phenomena in condensed matter systems. They are constructed by stacking elements of a large library of two-dimensional materials, which couple together through van der
Two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit a number of improved mechanical, optical, electronic properties compared to their bulk counterparts. The absence of dangling bonds in the cleaved surfaces of these materials allows combining different 2D materia
In inhomogeneous dielectric media the divergence of the electromagnetic stress is related to the gradients of varepsilon and mu, which is a consequence of Maxwells equations. Investigating spherically symmetric media we show that this seemingly unive