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We study the problem of synthesizing a controller that maximizes the entropy of a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) subject to a constraint on the expected total reward. Such a controller minimizes the predictability of an agents trajectories to an outside observer while guaranteeing the completion of a task expressed by a reward function. We first prove that an agent with partial observations can achieve an entropy at most as well as an agent with perfect observations. Then, focusing on finite-state controllers (FSCs) with deterministic memory transitions, we show that the maximum entropy of a POMDP is lower bounded by the maximum entropy of the parametric Markov chain (pMC) induced by such FSCs. This relationship allows us to recast the entropy maximization problem as a so-called parameter synthesis problem for the induced pMC. We then present an algorithm to synthesize an FSC that locally maximizes the entropy of a POMDP over FSCs with the same number of memory states. In numerical examples, we illustrate the relationship between the maximum entropy, the number of memory states in the FSC, and the expected reward.
This paper addresses an important class of restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) problems that finds a broad application area in operations research, stochastic optimization, and reinforcement learning. There are $N$ independent Markov processes that ma
We study the problem of synthesizing a policy that maximizes the entropy of a Markov decision process (MDP) subject to a temporal logic constraint. Such a policy minimizes the predictability of the paths it generates, or dually, maximizes the explora
We introduce and treat a class of Multi Objective Risk-Sensitive Markov Decision Processes (MORSMDPs), where the optimality criteria are generated by a multivariate utility function applied on a finite set of emph{different running costs}. To illustr
In this work, we study the problem of actively classifying the attributes of dynamical systems characterized as a finite set of Markov decision process (MDP) models. We are interested in finding strategies that actively interact with the dynamical sy
We study planning problems where autonomous agents operate inside environments that are subject to uncertainties and not fully observable. Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) are a natural formal model to capture such problems. Be