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Ensuring the safety and efficacy of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) is challenging due to the large variability of their operating environment. Model checking has been proposed for validation of CPSs, but the models of the environment are either too specific to capture the variability of the environment, or too abstract to provide counter-examples interpretable by experts in the application domain. Domain-specific solutions to this problem require expertise in both formal methods and the application domain, which prevents effective application of model checking in CPSs validation. A domain-independent framework based on timed-automata is proposed for abstraction and refinement of environment models during model checking. The framework maintains an abstraction tree of environment models, which provides interpretable counter-examples while ensuring coverage of environment behaviors. With the framework, experts in the application domain can effectively use model checking without expertise in formal methods.
Assuring the correct behavior of cyber-physical systems requires significant modeling effort, particularly during early stages of the engineering and design process when a system is not yet available for testing or verification of proper behavior. A
We present a survey of the saturation method for model-checking pushdown systems.
Cyber-physical systems combine software and physical components. Specification-driven trace-checking tools for CPS usually provide users with a specification language to express the requirements of interest, and an automatic procedure to check whethe
Demand response (DR) is becoming increasingly important as the volatility on the grid continues to increase. Current DR approaches are completely manual and rule-based or involve deriving first principles based models which are extremely cost and tim
Many complex cyber-physical systems can be modeled as heterogeneous components interacting with each other in real-time. We assume that the correctness of each component can be specified as a requirement satisfied by the output signals produced by th