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تسجيل مستخدم جديدThe Radio Luminosity-Risetime Function of Core-Collapse Supernovae
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We assemble a large set of 2-10 GHz radio flux density measurements and upper limits of 294 different supernovae (SNe), from the literature and our own and archival data. Only 31% of the SNe were detected. We characterize the SN lightcurves near the peak using a two-parameter model, with $t_{rm pk}$ being the time to rise to a peak and $L_{rm pk}$ the spectral luminosity at that peak. Over all SNe in our sample at $D<100$ Mpc, we find that $t_{rm pk} = 10^{1.7pm0.9}$ d, and that $L_{rm pk} = 10^{25.5pm1.6}$ erg s$^{-1}$ Hz$^{-1}$, and therefore that generally, 50% of SNe will have $L_{rm pk} < 10^{25.5}$ erg s$^{-1}$ Hz$^{-1}$. These $L_{rm pk}$ values are ~30 times lower than those for only detected SNe. Types I b/c and II (excluding IIns) have similar mean values of $L_{rm pk}$ but the former have a wider range, whereas Type IIn SNe have ~10 times higher values with $L_{rm pk} = 10^{26.5pm1.1}$ erg s$^{-1}$ Hz$^{-1}$. As for $t_{rm pk}$, Type I b/c have $t_{rm pk}$ of only $10^{1.1pm0.5}$ d while Type II have $t_{rm pk} = 10^{1.6pm1.0}$ and Type IIn the longest timescales with $t_{rm pk} = 10^{3.1pm0.7}$ d. We also estimate the distribution of progenitor mass-loss rates, $dot M$, and find the mean and standard deviation of log$_{10}(dot M/$Msol) yr$^{-1}$ are $-5.4pm1.2$ (assuming $v_{rm wind}=1000$ km s$^{-1}$) for Type I~b/c SNe, and $-6.9pm1.4$ (assuming $v_{rm wind} = 10$ km s$^{-1}$ for Type II SNe excluding Type IIn.
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