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We propose a novel binary and quaternary memory device based upon skyrmion states induced by the oblique field in a square magnetic island. To describe stable states and dynamics of the skyrmion, we employ the lattice model that uses the parameters of a real material and accounts for all relevant interactions. Depending on the orientation of the field, two or four spatially separated energy minima emerge in the oblique field. The energy barriers between the minima can be controlled by the strength and orientation of the magnetic field. We study the dynamics of the skyrmion and show that it can be moved between any two states by application of the field gradient. Islands of thickness of a few tens of atomic layers permit room-temperature manipulation of the proposed device.
Solitonic magnetic excitations such as domain walls and, specifically, skyrmionics enable the possibility of compact, high density, ultrafast,all-electronic, low-energy devices, which is the basis for the emerging area of skyrmionics. The topological
We demonstrate that magnetic skyrmions with a mean diameter around 60 nm can be stabilized at room temperature and zero external magnetic field in an exchange-biased Pt/Co/NiFe/IrMn multilayer stack. This is achieved through an advanced optimization
Excited electrons in the conduction band of germanium collect into four energy minima, or valleys, in momentum space. These local minima have highly anisotropic mass tensors which cause the electrons to travel in directions which are oblique to an ap
The skyrmions generated by frustration in centrosymmetric structures host extra internal degrees of freedom: vorticity and helicity, resulting in distinctive properties and potential functionality, which are not shared by the skyrmions stemming from
In the cubic chiral magnet Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$Si a metastable state comprising of topologically nontrivial spin whirls, so-called skyrmions, may be preserved down to low temperatures by means of field cooling the sample. This metastable skyrmion state