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Enhanced diffusion and anti-chemotaxis of enzymes have been reported in several experiments in the last decade, opening up entirely new avenues of research in the bio-nanosciences both at the applied and fundamental level. Here, we introduce a novel theoretical framework, rooted in non-equilibrium effects characteristic of catalytic cycles, that explains all observations made so far in this field. In addition, our theory predicts entirely novel effects, such as dissipation-induced switch between anti-chemotactic and chemotactic behavior.
Chemotaxis of enzymes in response to gradients in the concentration of their substrate has been widely reported in recent experiments, but a basic understanding of the process is still lacking. Here, we develop a microscopic theory for chemotaxis, va
A generically observed mechanism that drives the self-organization of living systems is interaction via chemical signals among the individual elements -- which may represent cells, bacteria, or even enzymes. Here we propose a novel mechanism for such
The concept that catalytic enzymes can act as molecular machines transducing chemical activity into motion has conceptual and experimental support, but much of the claimed support comes from experimental conditions where the substrate concentration i
In biomolecular systems (especially all-atom models) with many degrees of freedom such as proteins and nucleic acids, there exist an astronomically large number of local-minimum-energy states. Conventional simulations in the canonical ensemble are of
Enzymes have been recently proposed to have mechanical activity associated with their chemical activity. In a number of recent studies, it has been reported that enzymes undergo enhanced diffusion in the presence of their corresponding substrate, whe