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To engage in human-like dialogue, robots require the ability to describe the objects, locations, and people in their environment, a capability known as Referring Expression Generation. As speakers repeatedly refer to similar objects, they tend to re-use properties from previous descriptions, in part to help the listener, and in part due to cognitive availability of those properties in working memory (WM). Because different theories of working memory forgetting necessarily lead to differences in cognitive availability, we hypothesize that they will similarly result in generation of different referring expressions. To design effective intelligent agents, it is thus necessary to determine how different models of forgetting may be differentially effective at producing natural human-like referring expressions. In this work, we computationalize two candidate models of working memory forgetting within a robot cognitive architecture, and demonstrate how they lead to cognitive availability-based differences in generated referring expressions.
Intelligent robots designed to interact with humans in real scenarios need to be able to refer to entities actively by natural language. In spatial referring expression generation, the ambiguity is unavoidable due to the diversity of reference frames
This paper presents INGRESS, a robot system that follows human natural language instructions to pick and place everyday objects. The core issue here is the grounding of referring expressions: infer objects and their relationships from input images an
Computational context understanding refers to an agents ability to fuse disparate sources of information for decision-making and is, therefore, generally regarded as a prerequisite for sophisticated machine reasoning capabilities, such as in artifici
Central to the design of many robot systems and their controllers is solving a constrained blackbox optimization problem. This paper presents CNMA, a new method of solving this problem that is conservative in the number of potentially expensive black
The purpose of this paper is to examine the opportunities and barriers of Integrated Human-Machine Intelligence (IHMI) in civil engineering. Integrating artificial intelligences high efficiency and repeatability with humans adaptability in various co