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تسجيل مستخدم جديدA Deep Learning Method for Complex Human Activity Recognition Using Virtual Wearable Sensors
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Sensor-based human activity recognition (HAR) is now a research hotspot in multiple application areas. With the rise of smart wearable devices equipped with inertial measurement units (IMUs), researchers begin to utilize IMU data for HAR. By employing machine learning algorithms, early IMU-based research for HAR can achieve accurate classification results on traditional classical HAR datasets, containing only simple and repetitive daily activities. However, these datasets rarely display a rich diversity of information in real-scene. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on deep learning for complex HAR in the real-scene. Specially, in the off-line training stage, the AMASS dataset, containing abundant human poses and virtual IMU data, is innovatively adopted for enhancing the variety and diversity. Moreover, a deep convolutional neural network with an unsupervised penalty is proposed to automatically extract the features of AMASS and improve the robustness. In the on-line testing stage, by leveraging advantages of the transfer learning, we obtain the final result by fine-tuning the partial neural network (optimizing the parameters in the fully-connected layers) using the real IMU data. The experimental results show that the proposed method can surprisingly converge in a few iterations and achieve an accuracy of 91.15% on a real IMU dataset, demonstrating the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Together with the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), human activity recognition (HAR) using wearable Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) becomes a promising technology for many research areas. Recently, deep learning-based methods pave
a new way of understanding and performing analysis of the complex data in the HAR system. However, the performance of these methods is mostly based on the quality and quantity of the collected data. In this paper, we innovatively propose to build a large database based on virtual IMUs and then address technical issues by introducing a multiple-domain deep learning framework consisting of three technical parts. In the first part, we propose to learn the single-frame human activity from the noisy IMU data with hybrid convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in the semi-supervised form. For the second part, the extracted data features are fused according to the principle of uncertainty-aware consistency, which reduces the uncertainty by weighting the importance of the features. The transfer learning is performed in the last part based on the newly released Archive of Motion Capture as Surface Shapes (AMASS) dataset, containing abundant synthetic human poses, which enhances the variety and diversity of the training dataset and is beneficial for the process of training and feature transfer in the proposed method. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method have been demonstrated in the real deep inertial poser (DIP) dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed methods can surprisingly converge within a few iterations and outperform all competing methods.
Human Activity Recognition from body-worn sensor data poses an inherent challenge in capturing spatial and temporal dependencies of time-series signals. In this regard, the existing recurrent or convolutional or their hybrid models for activity recog
nition struggle to capture spatio-temporal context from the feature space of sensor reading sequence. To address this complex problem, we propose a self-attention based neural network model that foregoes recurrent architectures and utilizes different types of attention mechanisms to generate higher dimensional feature representation used for classification. We performed extensive experiments on four popular publicly available HAR datasets: PAMAP2, Opportunity, Skoda and USC-HAD. Our model achieve significant performance improvement over recent state-of-the-art models in both benchmark test subjects and Leave-one-subject-out evaluation. We also observe that the sensor attention maps produced by our model is able capture the importance of the modality and placement of the sensors in predicting the different activity classes.
Wearables are fundamental to improving our understanding of human activities, especially for an increasing number of healthcare applications from rehabilitation to fine-grained gait analysis. Although our collective know-how to solve Human Activity R
ecognition (HAR) problems with wearables has progressed immensely with end-to-end deep learning paradigms, several fundamental opportunities remain overlooked. We rigorously explore these new opportunities to learn enriched and highly discriminating activity representations. We propose: i) learning to exploit the latent relationships between multi-channel sensor modalities and specific activities; ii) investigating the effectiveness of data-agnostic augmentation for multi-modal sensor data streams to regularize deep HAR models; and iii) incorporating a classification loss criterion to encourage minimal intra-class representation differences whilst maximising inter-class differences to achieve more discriminative features. Our contributions achieves new state-of-the-art performance on four diverse activity recognition problem benchmarks with large margins -- with up to 6% relative margin improvement. We extensively validate the contributions from our design concepts through extensive experiments, including activity misalignment measures, ablation studies and insights shared through both quantitative and qualitative studies.
Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of human activity recognition (HAR) based on wearable sensor data. One can find many practical applications in this area, especially in the field of health care. Many machine learning algorithms such
as Decision Trees, Support Vector Machine, Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbor, and Multilayer Perceptron are successfully used in HAR. Although these methods are fast and easy for implementation, they still have some limitations due to poor performance in a number of situations. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on the ensemble learning to boost the performance of these machine learning methods for HAR.
Unsupervised user adaptation aligns the feature distributions of the data from training users and the new user, so a well-trained wearable human activity recognition (WHAR) model can be well adapted to the new user. With the development of wearable s
ensors, multiple wearable sensors based WHAR is gaining more and more attention. In order to address the challenge that the transferabilities of different sensors are different, we propose SALIENCE (unsupervised user adaptation model for multiple wearable sensors based human activity recognition) model. It aligns the data of each sensor separately to achieve local alignment, while uniformly aligning the data of all sensors to ensure global alignment. In addition, an attention mechanism is proposed to focus the activity classifier of SALIENCE on the sensors with strong feature discrimination and well distribution alignment. Experiments are conducted on two public WHAR datasets, and the experimental results show that our model can yield a competitive performance.
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