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As an active material with favorable linear and nonlinear optical properties, thin-film lithium niobate has demonstrated its potential in integrated photonics. Integration with rare-earth ions, which are promising candidates for quantum memories and transducers, will enrich the system with new applications in quantum information processing. Here, we investigate the optical properties at 1.5 micron wavelengths of rare-earth ions (Er$^{3+}$) implanted in thin-film lithium niobate waveguides and micro-ring resonators. Optical quality factors near a million after post annealing show that ion implantation damage can be successfully repaired. The transition linewidth and fluorescence lifetime of erbium ions are characterized, revealing values comparable to bulk-doped crystals. The ion-cavity coupling is observed through a Purcell enhanced fluorescence, from which a Purcell factor of ~3.8 is extracted. This platform is compatible with top-down lithography processes and leads to a scalable path for controlling spin-photon interfaces in photonic circuits.
Lithium niobate (LN), an outstanding and versatile material, has influenced our daily life for decades: from enabling high-speed optical communications that form the backbone of the Internet to realizing radio-frequency filtering used in our cell pho
Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is an emerging photonic platform with great promises for future optical communications, nonlinear optics and microwave photonics. An important integrated photonic building block, active waveguide amplifiers, howeve
Erbium-doped lithium niobate on insulator (Er:LNOI) has attracted enormous interest as it provides gain and enables integrated amplifiers and lasers on the lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) platform. We demonstrate a highly efficient waveguide ampl
Rare-earth ion ensembles doped in single crystals are a promising materials system with widespread applications in optical signal processing, lasing, and quantum information processing. Incorporating rare-earth ions into integrated photonic devices c
Materials with strong $chi^{(2)}$ optical nonlinearity, especially lithium niobate, play a critical role in building optical parametric oscillators (OPOs). However, chip-scale integration of low-loss $chi^{(2)}$ materials remains challenging and limi