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تسجيل مستخدم جديدSolar System Science with ESA Euclid
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Benoit Carry
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The ESA Euclid mission has been designed to map the geometry of the dark Universe. Scheduled for launch in 2020, it will conduct a six-years visible and NIR imaging and spectroscopic survey over 15,000 deg 2 down to mag~24.5. Although the survey will avoid low ecliptic latitudes, the survey pattern in repeated sequences of four broad-band filters seems well-adapted to Solar System objects (SSOs) detection and characterization. We aim at evaluating Euclid capability to discover SSOs, and measure their position, apparent magnitude, and SED. Also, we investigate how these measurements can lead to the determination of their orbits, morphology, physical properties, and surface composition. We use current census of SSOs to estimate the number of SSOs detectable by Euclid. Then we estimate how Euclid will constrain the SSOs dynamical, physical, and compositional properties. With current survey design, about 150,000 SSOs, mainly from the asteroid main-belt, should be observed by Euclid. These objects will all have high inclination. There is a potential for discovery of several 10,000 SSOs, in particular KBOs at high declination. Euclid observations will refine the spectral classification of SSOs by extending the spectral coverage provided by, e.g. Gaia and the LSST to 2 microns. The time-resolved photometry, combined with sparse photometry will contribute to the determination of SSO rotation period, spin orientation, and shape model. The sharp and stable point-spread function of Euclid will also allow to resolve KBO binary systems and detect activity around Centaurs. The depth of Euclid survey, its spectral coverage, and observation cadence has great potential for Solar System research. A dedicated processing for SSOs is being set in place to produce catalogs of astrometry, multi-color and time-resolved photometry, and spectral classification of some 10$^5$ SSOs, delivered as Legacy Science.
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The ESA Euclid mission is a space telescope that will survey ~15,000 square degrees of the sky, primarily to study the distant universe (constraining cosmological parameters through the lensing of galaxies). It is also expected to observe ~150,000 So
lar System Objects (SSOs), primarily in poorly understood high inclination populations, as it will mostly avoid +/-15 degrees from the ecliptic plane. With a launch date of 2022 and a 6 year survey, Euclid and LSST will operate at the same time, and have complementary capabilities. We propose a LSST mini-survey to coordinate quasi-simultaneous observations between these two powerful observatories, when possible, with the primary aim of greatly improving the orbits of SSOs discovered by these facilities. As Euclid will operate from a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth L2 Lagrangian point, there will be significant parallax between observations from Earth and Euclid (0.01 AU). This means that simultaneous observations will give an independent distance measurement to SSOs, giving additional constraints on orbits compared to single Euclid visits.
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