A general vanishing result for the first cohomology group of affine smooth complex varieties with values in rank one local systems is established. This is applied to the determination of the monodromy action on the first cohomology group of the Milnor fiber of some line arrangements, including the monomial arrangement and the exceptional reflection arrangement of type $G_{31}$.
Given a semisimple complex linear algebraic group $G$ and a lower ideal $I$ in positive roots of $G$, three objects arise: the ideal arrangement $mathcal{A}_I$, the regular nilpotent Hessenberg variety $mbox{Hess}(N,I)$, and the regular semisimple He
ssenberg variety $mbox{Hess}(S,I)$. We show that a certain graded ring derived from the logarithmic derivation module of $mathcal{A}_I$ is isomorphic to $H^*(mbox{Hess}(N,I))$ and $H^*(mbox{Hess}(S,I))^W$, the invariants in $H^*(mbox{Hess}(S,I))$ under an action of the Weyl group $W$ of $G$. This isomorphism is shown for general Lie type, and generalizes Borels celebrated theorem showing that the coinvariant algebra of $W$ is isomorphic to the cohomology ring of the flag variety $G/B$. This surprising connection between Hessenberg varieties and hyperplane arrangements enables us to produce a number of interesting consequences. For instance, the surjectivity of the restriction map $H^*(G/B)to H^*(mbox{Hess}(N,I))$ announced by Dale Peterson and an affirmative answer to a conjecture of Sommers-Tymoczko are immediate consequences. We also give an explicit ring presentation of $H^*(mbox{Hess}(N,I))$ in types $B$, $C$, and $G$. Such a presentation was already known in type $A$ or when $mbox{Hess}(N,I)$ is the Peterson variety. Moreover, we find the volume polynomial of $mbox{Hess}(N,I)$ and see that the hard Lefschetz property and the Hodge-Riemann relations hold for $mbox{Hess}(N,I)$, despite the fact that it is a singular variety in general.
We investigate the equivariant intersection cohomology of a toric variety. Considering the defining fan of the variety as a finite topological space with the subfans being the open sets (that corresponds to the toric topology given by the invariant o
pen subsets), equivariant intersection cohomology provides a sheaf (of graded modules over a sheaf of graded rings) on that fan space. We prove that this sheaf is a minimal extension sheaf, i.e., that it satisfies three relatively simple axioms which are known to characterize such a sheaf up to isomorphism. In the verification of the second of these axioms, a key role is played by equivariantly formal toric varieties, where equivariant and usual (non-equivariant) intersection cohomology determine each other by Kunneth type formulae. Minimal extension sheaves can be constructed in a purely formal way and thus also exist for non-rational fans. As a consequence, we can extend the notion of an equivariantly formal fan even to this general setup. In this way, it will be possible to introduce virtual intersection cohomology for equivariantly formal non-rational fans.
Let $n$ be a fixed positive integer and $h: {1,2,ldots,n} rightarrow {1,2,ldots,n}$ a Hessenberg function. The main results of this paper are twofold. First, we give a systematic method, depending in a simple manner on the Hessenberg function $h$, fo
r producing an explicit presentation by generators and relations of the cohomology ring $H^ast(Hess(mathsf{N},h))$ with $mathbb{Q}$ coefficients of the corresponding regular nilpotent Hessenberg variety $Hess(mathsf{N},h)$. Our result generalizes known results in special cases such as the Peterson variety and also allows us to answer a question posed by Mbirika and Tymoczko. Moreover, our list of generators in fact forms a regular sequence, allowing us to use techniques from commutative algebra in our arguments. Our second main result gives an isomorphism between the cohomology ring $H^*(Hess(mathsf{N},h))$ of the regular nilpotent Hessenberg variety and the $S_n$-invariant subring $H^*(Hess(mathsf{S},h))^{S_n}$ of the cohomology ring of the regular semisimple Hessenberg variety (with respect to the $S_n$-action on $H^*(Hess(mathsf{S},h))$ defined by Tymoczko). Our second main result implies that $mathrm{dim}_{mathbb{Q}} H^k(Hess(mathsf{N},h)) = mathrm{dim}_{mathbb{Q}} H^k(Hess(mathsf{S},h))^{S_n}$ for all $k$ and hence partially proves the Shareshian-Wachs conjecture in combinatorics, which is in turn related to the well-known Stanley-Stembridge conjecture. A proof of the full Shareshian-Wachs conjecture was recently given by Brosnan and Chow, but in our special case, our methods yield a stronger result (i.e. an isomorphism of rings) by more elementary considerations. This paper provides detailed proofs of results we recorded previously in a research announcement.
In this paper we construct an additive basis for the cohomology ring of a regular nilpotent Hessenberg variety which is obtained by extending all Poincare duals of smaller regular nilpotent Hessenberg varieties. In particular, all of the Poincare dua
ls of smaller regular nilpotent Hessenberg varieties in the given regular nilpotent Hessenberg variety are linearly independent.
We use the toric degeneration of Bott-Samelson varieties and the description of cohomolgy of line bundles on toric varieties to deduce vanishings results for the cohomology of lines bundles on Bott-Samelson varieties.
Pauline Bailet
,Alexandru Dimca
,
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(2017)
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"A vanishing result for the first twisted cohomology of affine varieties and applications to line arrangements"
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Alexandru Dimca
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