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We present some enumerative and structural results for flag homology spheres. For a flag homology sphere $Delta$, we show that its $gamma$-vector $gamma^Delta=(1,gamma_1,gamma_2,ldots)$ satisfies: begin{align*} gamma_j=0,text{ for all } j>gamma_1, quad gamma_2leqbinom{gamma_1}{2}, quad gamma_{gamma_1}in{0,1}, quad text{ and }gamma_{gamma_1-1}in{0,1,2,gamma_1}, end{align*} supporting a conjecture of Nevo and Petersen. Further we characterize the possible structures for $Delta$ in extremal cases. As an application, the techniques used produce infinitely many $f$-vectors of flag balanced simplicial complexes that are not $gamma$-vectors of flag homology spheres (of any dimension); these are the first examples of this kind. In addition, we prove a flag analog of Perles 1970 theorem on $k$-skeleta of polytopes with few vertices, specifically: the number of combinatorial types of $k$-skeleta of flag homology spheres with $gamma_1leq b$, of any given dimension, is bounded independently of the dimension.
The closed cone of flag vectors of Eulerian partially ordered sets is studied. It is completely determined up through rank seven. Half-Eulerian posets are defined. Certain limit posets of Billera and Hetyei are half-Eulerian; they give rise to extrem
We establish lower bounds on the dimensions in which arithmetic groups with torsion can act on acyclic manifolds and homology spheres. The bounds rely on the existence of elementary p-groups in the groups concerned. In some cases, including Sp(2n,Z),
It is well-known that the Pachner graph of $n$-vertex triangulated $2$-spheres is connected, i.e., each pair of $n$-vertex triangulated $2$-spheres can be turned into each other by a sequence of edge flips for each $ngeq 4$. In this article, we study
Interior and exterior angle vectors of polytopes capture curvature information at faces of all dimensions and can be seen as metric variants of $f$-vectors. In this context, Grams relation takes the place of the Euler-Poincare relation as the unique
We show that if a prime homology sphere has the same Floer homology as the standard three-sphere, it does not contain any incompressible tori.