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The cosmic rays modulation inside the heliosphere is well described by a transport equation introduced by Parker in 1965. To solve this equation several approaches were followed in the past. Recently the Monte Carlo approach becomes widely used in force of his advantages with respect to other numerical methods. In the Monte Carlo approach, the transport equation is associated to a fully equivalent set of Stochastic Differential Equations. This set is used to describe the stochastic path of a quasi-particle from a source, e.g., the interstellar medium, to a specific target, e.g., a detector at Earth. In this work, we present both the Forward-in-Time and Backward-in-Time Monte Carlo solutions. We present an implementation of both algorithms in the framework of HelMod Code showing that the difference between the two approach is below 5% that can be quoted as the systematic uncertain of the Method itself.
Toward an alternative approach to the quantum mechanic ground state search, we theoretically introduce a protocol in which energy of two identical systems are deterministically exchanged. The protocol utilizes a quantum interference between forward a
After the disappearance of lower energy heliospheric particles at Voyager 1 starting on August 25th, 2012, spectra of H, He and C/O nuclei were revealed that resembled those to be expected for galactic cosmic rays. These spectra had intensity peaks i
The forward-backward (FB) charged particle multiplicity correlations between windows separated in rapidity and azimuth are analyzed using a model that treats strings as independent identical emitters. Both the short-range (SR) contribution, originati
We implemented a website to deal with main effects on Cosmic Ray access to the Earth, i.e. the Solar Modulation and the Geomagnetic Field effect. In helmod.org the end user can easily access a web interface to results catalog of the HelMod Monte Carl
Ionization of the Earths atmosphere by sunlight forms a complex, multi-layered plasma environment within the Earths magnetosphere, the innermost layers being the ionosphere and plasmasphere. The plasmasphere is believed to be embedded with cylindrica