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We use data at 131, 171, and 304 A from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) aboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) to search for hot flux ropes in 141 M-class and X-class solar flares that occurred at solar longitudes equal to or larger than 50 degrees. Half of the flares were associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The goal of our survey is to assess the frequency of hot flux ropes in large flares irrespective of their formation time relative to the onset of eruptions. The flux ropes were identified in 131 A images using morphological criteria and their high temperatures were confirmed by their absence in the cooler 171 and 304 A passbands. We found hot flux ropes in 45 of our events (32% of the flares); 11 of them were associated with confined flares while the remaining 34 were associated with eruptive flares. Therefore almost half (49%) of the eruptive events involved a hot flux rope configuration. The use of supplementary Hinode X-Ray Telescope (XRT) data indicates that these percentages should be considered as lower limits of the actual rates of occurrence of hot flux ropes in large flares.
We investigate the formation times of eruptive magnetic flux ropes relative to the onset of solar eruptions, which is important for constraining models of coronal mass ejection (CME) initiation. We inspected uninterrupted sequences of 131 AA images t
Parkers magnetostatic theorem extended to astrophysical magnetofluids with large magnetic Reynolds number supports ceaseless regeneration of current sheets and hence, spontaneous magnetic reconnections recurring in time. Consequently, a scenario is p
Magnetic flux ropes (MFRs) are thought to be the central structure of solar eruptions, and their ideal MHD instabilities can trigger the eruption. Here we performed a study of all the MFR configurations that lead to major solar flares, either eruptiv
Coronal magnetic flux ropes are generally considered to be the core structure of large-scale solar eruptions. Recent observations found that solar eruptions could be initiated by a sequence of flux feeding, during which chromospheric fibrils rise upw
Flux ropes are twisted magnetic structures, which can be detected by in situ measurements in the solar wind. However, different properties of detected flux ropes suggest different types of flux-rope population. As such, are there different population