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In a model in which leptons, quarks, and the recently introduced hyperquarks are built up from two fundamental spin 1/2 preons, the standard model weak gauge bosons emerge as preon bound states. In addition, the model predicts a host of new composite gauge bosons, in particular those responsible for hyperquark and proton decay. Their presence entails a left-right symmetric extension of the standard model weak interactions and a scheme for a partial and grand unification of nongravitational interactions based on respectively the effective gauge groups SU(6)_P and SU(9)_G. This leads to a prediction of the Weinberg angle at low energies in good agreement with experiment. Furthermore, using evolution equations for the effective coupling strengths, we calculate the partial and grand unification scales, the hyperquark mass scale, as well as the mass and decay rate of the lightest hyperhadron.
In a model in which quarks and leptons are built up from two spin 1/2 preons as fundamental entities, a new class of fermionic bound states (hyperquarks) arises. It turns out that these hyperquarks are necessary to fulfill the t Hooft anomaly constra
The Standard Model of quarks and leptons is, at first sight, nothing but a set of {it ad hoc} rules, with no connections, and no clues to their true background. At a closer look, however, there are many inherent prophecies that point in the same dire
Bethe-Salpeter equation, for massless exchange and large fine structure constant $alpha>pi/4$, in addition to the Balmer series, provides another (abnormal) series of energy levels which are not given by the Schrodinger equation. So strong field can
Bound state perturbation theory is well established for QED atoms. Today the hyperfine splitting of Positronium is known to $O(alpha^7logalpha)$. Whereas standard expansions of scattering amplitudes start from free states, bound states are expanded a
$eta_c$-nucleus bound state energies are calculated for various nuclei. Essential input for the calculations, namely the medium-modified $D$ and $D^{*}$ meson masses, as well as the density distributions in nuclei, are calculated within the quark-mes