ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
This is a review on structure of the fermion mass terms in quantum field theory, under the perspective of its practical applications in the real physics of Nature -- specifically, we discuss fermion mass structure in the Standard Model of high energy physics, which successfully describes fundamental physics up to the TeV scale. The review is meant to be pedagogical, with detailed mathematics presented beyond the level one can find any easily in the textbooks. The discussions, however, bring up important subtleties and ambiguities about the subject that may be less than well appreciated. In fact, the naive perspective of the nature and masses of fermions as one would easily drawn from the presentations of fermion fields and their equations of motion from a typical textbook on quantum field theory leads to some confusing or even wrong statements which we clarify here. In particular, we illustrate clearly that a Dirac fermion mass eigenstate is mathematically equivalent to two degenerated Majorana fermion mass eigenstates at least so long as the mass terms are concerned. There are further ambiguities and subtleties in the exact description of the eigenstate(s). Especially, for the case of neutrinos, the use of the Dirac or Majorana terminology may be mostly a matter of choice. The common usage of such terminology is rather based on the broken $SU(2)$ charges of the related Weyl spinors hence conventional and may not be unambiguously extended to cover more complicate models.
We review the use of invariant mass distributions in cascade decays to measure the masses of New Physics (NP) particles in scenarios where the final NP cascade particle is invisible. We extend earlier work by exploring further the problem of multiple solutions for the masses.
We revisit the calculation of the fermion self-energy in QED in the presence of a magnetic field. We show that, after carrying out the renormalization procedure and identifying the most general perturbative tensor structure for the modified fermion {
In this note, we first explain the equivalence between the interaction Hamiltonian of Green-Schwarz light-cone gauge superstring field theory and the twist field formalism known from matrix string theory. We analyze the role of the large N limit in m
Beyond standard model (BSM) particles should be included in effective field theory in order to compute the scattering amplitudes involving these extra particles. We formulate an extension of Higgs effective field theory which contains arbitrary numbe
The calculation of Yukawa couplings in F-theory GUTs is developed. The method is applied to the top and bottom Yukawa couplings in an SU(5) model of fermion masses based on family symmetries coming from the SU(5)_perp factor in the underlying E(8) th