We present a linear optics quantum computation scheme with a greatly reduced cost in resources compared to KLM. The scheme makes use of elements from cluster state computation and achieves comparable resource usage to those schemes while retaining the circuit based approach of KLM.
We use a combination of analytical and numerical techniques to calculate the noise threshold and resource requirements for a linear optical quantum computing scheme based on parity-state encoding. Parity-state encoding is used at the lowest level of
code concatenation in order to efficiently correct errors arising from the inherent nondeterminism of two-qubit linear-optical gates. When combined with teleported error-correction (using either a Steane or Golay code) at higher levels of concatenation, the parity-state scheme is found to achieve a saving of approximately three orders of magnitude in resources when compared to a previous scheme, at a cost of a somewhat reduced noise threshold.
Lattice surgery protocols allow for the efficient implementation of universal gate sets with two-dimensional topological codes where qubits are constrained to interact with one another locally. In this work, we first introduce a decoder capable of co
rrecting spacelike and timelike errors during lattice surgery protocols. Afterwards, we compute logical failure rates of a lattice surgery protocol for a full biased circuit-level noise model. We then provide a new protocol for performing twist-free lattice surgery. Our twist-free protocol reduces the extra circuit components and gate scheduling complexities associated with the measurement of higher weight stabilizers when using twists. We also provide a protocol for temporally encoded lattice surgery that can be used to reduce both runtimes and the total space-time costs of quantum algorithms. Lastly, we propose a layout for a quantum processor that is more efficient for surface codes exploiting noise bias, and which is compatible with the other techniques mentioned above.
We present a number of quantum computing patterns that build on top of fundamental algorithms, that can be applied to solving concrete, NP-hard problems. In particular, we introduce the concept of a quantum dictionary as a summation of multiple patte
rns and algorithms, and show how it can be applied in the context of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems. We start by presenting a visual approach to quantum computing, which avoids a heavy-reliance on quantum mechanics, linear algebra, or complex mathematical notation, and favors geometrical intuition and computing paradigms. We also provide insights on the fundamental quantum computing algorithms (Fourier Transforms, Phase Estimation, Grover, Quantum Counting, and Amplitude Estimation).
For superconducting qubits, microwave pulses drive rotations around the Bloch sphere. The phase of these drives can be used to generate zero-duration arbitrary virtual Z-gates which, combined with two $X_{pi/2}$ gates, can generate any SU(2) gate. He
re we show how to best utilize these virtual Z-gates to both improve algorithms and correct pulse errors. We perform randomized benchmarking using a Clifford set of Hadamard and Z-gates and show that the error per Clifford is reduced versus a set consisting of standard finite-duration X and Y gates. Z-gates can correct unitary rotation errors for weakly anharmonic qubits as an alternative to pulse shaping techniques such as DRAG. We investigate leakage and show that a combination of DRAG pulse shaping to minimize leakage and Z-gates to correct rotation errors (DRAGZ) realizes a 13.3~ns $X_{pi/2}$ gate characterized by low error ($1.95[3]times 10^{-4}$) and low leakage ($3.1[6]times 10^{-6}$). Ultimately leakage is limited by the finite temperature of the qubit, but this limit is two orders-of-magnitude smaller than pulse errors due to decoherence.
We investigate the utility of parity detection to achieve Heisenberg-limited phase estimation for optical interferometry. We consider the parity detection with several input states that have been shown to exhibit sub shot-noise interferometry with th
eir respective detection schemes. We show that with parity detection, all these states achieve the sub-shot noise limited phase estimate. Thus making the parity detection a unified detection strategy for quantum optical metrology. We also consider quantum states that are a combination of a NOON states and a dual-Fock state, which gives a great deal of freedom in the preparation of the input state, and is found to surpass the shot-noise limit.