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تسجيل مستخدم جديدFuture Atmospheric Neutrino Detectors
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A. Geiser
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Future experiments focusing on atmospheric neutrino detection are reviewed. One of the main goals of these experiments is the detection of an unambiguous oscillation pattern (nu_mu reappearance) to prove the oscillation hypothesis. Further goals include the discrimination of nu_mu - nu_tau and nu_mu - nu_sterile oscillations, and the detection of a potential small nu_mu - nu_e contribution. The search for matter effects in three or more flavour oscillations can be used to constrain hybrid oscillation models and potentially measure the sign of delta m^2. The detectors and measurement techniques proposed to achieve these goals are described, and their physics reach is discussed.
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New results from Super-Kamiokande, K2K and SNO not only have spurred on the interest in neutrino oscillation physics, but also have started to shift the interest from discovery to precision measurements. Future projects focusing on atmospheric neutri
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Three types of high rate neutrino detectors for neutrino interaction physics at neutrino factories are discussed. High performance general-purpose detectors might collect event samples on the order of a billion events or more. This could greatly impr
ove on existing analyses of neutrino interactions and also lead to new and important analysis topics including, for example, precise determinations of the CKM matrix elements |Vub| and |Vcb|. The potential of such general purpose detectors is illustrated with reference to a detector, presented previously in reference hep-ex/9907033, that is structured around a novel and compact vertexing and tracking neutrino target comprising a stack of CCD pixel devices. Design ideas and prospects are also discussed for two types of specialized detectors: (i) polarized targets filled with polarized solid protium-deuterium (HD), for unique and powerful studies of the nucleons spin structure, and (ii) Fully active liquid tracking targets with masses of several tonnes for precise determinations of the weak mixing angle, from the total cross-section for neutrino-electron scattering. All three detector types pose severe technical challenges but their utilization could add significantly to the physics motivation for neutrino factories.
The atmospheric neutrino flux represents a continuous source that can be exploited to infer properties about Cosmic Rays and neutrino oscillation physics. The JUNO observatory, a 20 kt liquid scintillator currently under construction in China, will b
e able to detect atmospheric neutrinos , given the large fiducial volume and the excellent energy resolution. The light produced in neutrino interactions will be collected by a double-system of photosensors: about 18.000 20 PMTs and about 25.000 3 PMTs. The rock overburden above the experimental hall is around 700 m and the experiment is expected to complete construction in 2021. In this study, the JUNO performances in reconstructing the atmospheric neutrino spectrum have been evaluated. The different time evolution of scintillation light on the PMTs allows to discriminate the flavor of the primary neutrinos. To reconstruct the time pattern of events, the signals from 3 PMTs only have been used, because of the small time resolution. A probabilistic unfolding method has been used, in order to infer the primary neutrino energy spectrum by looking at the detector output. The simulated spectrum has been reconstructed between 100 MeV and 10 GeV, showing a great potential of the detector in the atmospheric low energy region. The uncertainties on the final flux, including both statistic and the systematic contributions, range between 10% and 25%, with the best performances obtained at the GeV.
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