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We present calculations for the evolution and surviving mass of highly-irradiated extrasolar giant planets (EGPs) at orbital semimajor axes ranging from 0.023 to 0.057 AU using a generalized scaled theory for mass loss, together with new surface-condition grids for hot EGPs and a consistent treatment of tidal truncation. Theoretical estimates for the rate of energy-limited hydrogen escape from giant-planet atmospheres differ by two orders of magnitude, when one holds planetary mass, composition, and irradiation constant. Baraffe et al. (2004, A&A 419, L13-L16) predict the highest rate, based on the theory of Lammer et al. (2003, Astrophys. J. 598, L121-L124). Scaling the theory of Watson et al. (1981, Icarus 48, 150-166) to parameters for a highly-irradiated exoplanet, we find an escape rate ~102 lower than Baraffes. With the scaled Watson theory we find modest mass loss, occurring early in the history of a hot EGP. In this theory, mass loss including the effect of Roche-lobe overflow becomes significant primarily for masses below a Saturn mass, for semimajor axes = 0.023 AU. This contrasts with the Baraffe model, where hot EGPs are claimed to be remnants of much more massive bodies, originally several times Jupiter and still losing substantial mass fractions at present.
We show that a consistent fit to observed secondary eclipse data for several strongly irradiated transiting planets demands a temperature inversion (stratosphere) at altitude. Such a thermal inversion significantly influences the planet/star contrast
During the red giant phase, stars loose mass at the highest rate since birth. The mass-loss rate is not fixed, but varies from star-to-star by up to 5%, resulting in variations of the stars luminosity at the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB). Also,
We present an open access grid of 3930 calculations of externally evaporating protoplanetary discs. This spans a range of disc sizes (1-400AU), disc masses, UV field strengths (10-10$^4$G$_0$) and stellar masses (0.05-1.9M$_odot$). The grid is public
There is no universally acknowledged criterion to distinguish brown dwarfs from planets. Numerous studies have used or suggested a definition based on an objects mass, taking the ~13-Jupiter mass (M_J) limit for the ignition of deuterium. Here, we in
We present the mass-density relationship (log M - log rho) for objects with masses ranging from planets (M ~ 0.01 M_Jup) through stars (M > 0.08 M_Sun). This relationship shows three distinct regions separated by a change in slope in log M -- log rho