ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
Radioactive nuclei were present in the early Solar System, as inferred from analysis of meteorites. Many are produced in massive stars, either during their lives or their final explosions. In the first paper in this series (Brinkman et al. 2019), we focused on the production of $^{26}$Al in massive binaries. Here, we focus on the production of another two short-lived radioactive nuclei, $^{36}$Cl and $^{41}$Ca, and the comparison to the early Solar System data. We used the MESA stellar evolution code with an extended nuclear network and computed massive (10-80 M$ _{odot} $), rotating (with initial velocities of 150 and 300 km/s) and non-rotating single stars at solar metallicity (Z=0.014) up to the onset of core collapse. We present the wind yields for the radioactive isotopes $^{26}$Al, $^{36}$Cl, and $^{41}$Ca, and the stable isotopes $^{19}$F and $^{20}$Ne. In relation to the stable isotopes, we find that only the most massive models, $geq$ 60M$_{odot}$ and $geq$ 40M$_{odot}$ give positive $^{19}$F and $^{20}$Ne yields, respectively, depending on the initial rotation rate. In relation to the radioactive isotopes, we find that the early Solar System abundances of $^{26}$Al and $^{41}$Ca can be matched with by models with initial masses $geq$40M$_{odot}$, while $^{36}$Cl is matched only by our most massive models, $geq$60M$_{odot}$. $^{60}$Fe is not significantly produced by any wind model, as required by the observations. Therefore, massive star winds are a favoured candidate for the origin of the very short-lived $^{26}$Al, $^{36}$Cl, and $^{41}$Ca in the early Solar System.
Aluminium-26 is a short-lived radionuclide with a half-life of 0.72Myr, which is observed today in the Galaxy via gamma-ray spectroscopy and is inferred to have been present in the early Solar System via analysis of meteorites. Massive stars are cons
Spectroscopic studies of Galactic O and B stars show that many stars with masses above 8 M$_{odot}$ are observed in the HR diagram just beyond the Main-Sequence (MS) band predicted by stellar models computed with a moderate overshooting. This may be
Tidal dissipation in stars is one of the key physical mechanisms that drive the evolution of binary and multiple stars. As in the Earth oceans, it corresponds to the resonant excitation of their eigenmodes of oscillation and their damping. Therefore,
The majority of massive stars live in binary or multiple systems and will interact during their lifetimes, which helps to explain the observed diversity of core-collapse supernovae. Donor stars in binary systems can lose most of their hydrogen-rich e
The first massive stars triggered the onset of chemical evolution by releasing the first metals (elements heavier than helium) in the Universe. The nature of these stars and how the early chemical enrichment took place is still largely unknown. Rotat