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$L^2$-stability analysis for Gabor phase retrieval

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 نشر من قبل Martin Rathmair
 تاريخ النشر 2021
  مجال البحث
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We consider the problem of reconstructing the missing phase information from spectrogram data $|mathcal{G} f|,$ with $$ mathcal{G}f(x,y)=int_mathbb{R} f(t) e^{-pi(t-x)^2}e^{-2pi i t y}dt, $$ the Gabor transform of a signal $fin L^2(mathbb{R})$. More specifically, we are interested in domains $Omegasubseteq mathbb{R}^2$, which allow for stable local reconstruction, that is $$ |mathcal{G}g| approx |mathcal{G}f| quad text{in} ~Omega quadLongrightarrow quad exists tauinmathbb{T}:quad mathcal{G}g approx taumathcal{G}f quad text{in} ~Omega. $$ In recent work [P. Grohs and M. Rathmair. Stable Gabor Phase Retrieval and Spectral Clustering. Comm. Pure Appl. Math. (2019)] and [P. Grohs and M. Rathmair. Stable Gabor phase retrieval for multivariate functions. J. Eur. Math. Soc. (2021)] we established a characterization of the stability of this phase retrieval problem in terms of the connectedness of the observed measurements. The main downside of the aforementioned results is that the similarity of two spectrograms is measured w.r.t. a first order weighted Sobolev norm. In this article we remove this flaw and essentially show that the Sobolev norm may be replaced by the $L^2-$norm. Using this result allows us to show that it suffices to sample the spectrogram on suitable discrete sampling sets -- a property of crucial importance for practical applications.

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In recent work [P. Grohs and M. Rathmair. Stable Gabor Phase Retrieval and Spectral Clustering. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics (2018)] the instabilities of the Gabor phase retrieval problem, i.e., the problem of reconstructing a funct ion $f$ from its spectrogram $|mathcal{G}f|$, where $$ mathcal{G}f(x,y)=int_{mathbb{R}^d} f(t) e^{-pi|t-x|^2} e^{-2pi i tcdot y} dt, quad x,yin mathbb{R}^d, $$ have been completely classified in terms of the disconnectedness of the spectrogram. These findings, however, were crucially restricted to the onedimensional case ($d=1$) and therefore not relevant for many practical applications. In the present paper we not only generalize the aforementioned results to the multivariate case but also significantly improve on them. Our new results have comprehensive implications in various applications such as ptychography, a highly popular method in coherent diffraction imaging.
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