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From electromagnetic wave equations, it is first found that, mathematically, any current density that emits an electromagnetic wave into the far-field region has to be differentiable in time infinitely, and that while the odd-order time derivatives of the current density are built in the emitted electric field, the even-order derivatives are built in the emitted magnetic field. With the help of Faradays law and Amperes law, light propagation is then explained as a process involving alternate creation of electric and magnetic fields. From this explanation, the preceding mathematical result is demonstrated to be physically sound. It is also explained why the conventional retarded solutions to the wave equations fail to describe the emitted fields.
Starting from Stratton-Panofsky-Phillips-Jefimenko equations for the electric and magnetic fields generated by completely arbitrary charge and current density distributions at rest, we derive far-zone approximations for the fields, containing all com
A broad class of forces P is identified for which the Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac (ALD) equation has common solutions with a Newton type equation that do not present pre-acceleration or escape into infinity (runaway behavior). It is argued that the given c
We examine acoustic radiation force and torque on a small (subwavelength) absorbing isotropic particle immersed in a monochromatic (but generally inhomogeneous) sound-wave field. We show that by introducing the monopole and dipole polarizabilities of
In the watt balance experiments, separate measurements of the magnetic and electromotive forces in a coil in a magnetic field enable a virtual comparison between mechanical and electric powers to be carried out, which lead to an accurate measurement
One of the main challenges of the industry today is to face its impact on global warming considering that the greenhouse effect problem is not be solved completely yet. Magnetic refrigeration represents an environment-safe refrigeration technology. T