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Virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMD) have recently been used to provide an immersive, first-person vision/view in real-time for manipulating remotely-controlled unmanned ground vehicles (UGV). The teleoperation of UGV can be challenging for operators when it is done in real time. One big challenge is for operators to perceive quickly and rapidly the distance of objects that are around the UGV while it is moving. In this research, we explore the use of monoscopic and stereoscopic views and display types (immersive and non-immersive VR) for operating vehicles remotely. We conducted two user studies to explore their feasibility and advantages. Results show a significantly better performance when using an immersive display with stereoscopic view for dynamic, real-time navigation tasks that require avoiding both moving and static obstacles. The use of stereoscopic view in an immersive display in particular improved user performance and led to better usability.
Unmanned ground vehicles have a huge development potential in both civilian and military fields, and have become the focus of research in various countries. In addition, high-precision, high-reliability sensors are significant for UGVs efficient oper
There are many situations for which an unmanned ground vehicle has to work with only partial observability of the environment. Therefore, a feasible nonholonomic obstacle avoidance and target tracking action must be generated immediately based on the
Most of the routing algorithms for unmanned vehicles, that arise in data gathering and monitoring applications in the literature, rely on the Global Positioning System (GPS) information for localization. However, disruption of GPS signals either inte
This paper reviews the causes of discomfort in viewing stereoscopic content. These include objective factors, such as misaligned images, as well as subjective factors, such as excessive disparity. Different approaches to the measurement of visual dis
We study a novel principle for safe and efficient collision avoidance that adopts a mathematically elegant and general framework abstracting as much as possible from the controlled vehicles dynamics and of its environment. Vehicle dynamics is charact