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We study quantitative relationships between the triangle removal lemma and several of its variants. One such variant, which we call the triangle-free lemma, states that for each $epsilon>0$ there exists $M$ such that every triangle-free graph $G$ has an $epsilon$-approximate homomorphism to a triangle-free graph $F$ on at most $M$ vertices (here an $epsilon$-approximate homomorphism is a map $V(G) to V(F)$ where all but at most $epsilon |V(G)|^2$ edges of $G$ are mapped to edges of $F$). One consequence of our results is that the least possible $M$ in the triangle-free lemma grows faster than exponential in any polynomial in $epsilon^{-1}$. We also prove more general results for arbitrary graphs, as well as arithmetic analogues over finite fields, where the bounds are close to optimal.
Approximate algebraic structures play a defining role in arithmetic combinatorics and have found remarkable applications to basic questions in number theory and pseudorandomness. Here we study approximate representations of finite groups: functions f
The blow-up lemma states that a system of super-regular pairs contains all bounded degree spanning graphs as subgraphs that embed into a corresponding system of complete pairs. This lemma has far-reaching applications in extremal combinatorics. We
We present a detailed probabilistic and structural analysis of the set of weighted homomorphisms from the discrete torus $mathbb{Z}_m^n$, where $m$ is even, to any fixed graph: we show that the corresponding probability distribution on such homomorph
The edge Szeged index of a graph $G$ is defined as $Sz_{e}(G)=sumlimits_{uvin E(G)}m_{u}(uv|G)m_{v}(uv|G)$, where $m_{u}(uv|G)$ (resp., $m_{v}(uv|G)$) is the number of edges whose distance to vertex $u$ (resp., $v$) is smaller than the distance to ve
Subgraph densities have been defined, and served as basic tools, both in the case of graphons (limits of dense graph sequences) and graphings (limits of bounded-degree graph sequences). While limit objects have been described for the middle ranges, t