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تسجيل مستخدم جديدK-band High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Embedded Massive Protostars
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A classical paradox in high-mass star formation is that powerful radiation pressure can halt accretion, preventing further growth of a central star. Disk accretion has been proposed to solve this problem, but the disks and the accretion process in high-mass star formation are poorly understood. We executed high-resolution ($R$=35,000-70,000) iSHELL spectroscopy in $K$-band for eleven high-mass protostars. Br-$gamma$ emission was observed toward eight sources, and the line profiles for most of these sources are similar to those of low-mass PMS stars. Using an empirical relationship between the Br-$gamma$ and accretion luminosities, we tentatively estimate disk accretion rates ranging from $lesssim$10$^{-8}$ and $sim$10$^{-4}$ $M_odot$ yr$^{-1}$. These low-mass-accretion rates suggest that high-mass protostars gain more mass via episodic accretion as proposed for low-mass protostars. Given the detection limits, CO overtone emission ($v$=2-0 and 3-1), likely associated with the inner disk region ($r ll 100$ au), was found towards two sources. This low-detection rate compared with Br-$gamma$ emission is consistent with previous observations. Ten out of the eleven sources show absorption at the $v$=0-2 ${rm R(7)-R(14)}$ CO R-branch. Most of them are either blueshifted or redshifted, indicating that the absorption is associated with an outflow or an inflow with a velocity of up to $sim50$ km s$^{-1}$. Our analysis indicates that the absorption layer is well thermalized (and therefore $n_{mathrm H_2} gtrsim 10^6$ cm$^{-3}$) at a single temperature of typically 100-200 K, and located within 200-600 au of the star.
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